Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Mar 5;53(2):196. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02644-z.
The aim of the study was to conduct a basic evaluation of the in vitro effect of crude protein (CP) levels in concentrate and a saponin extract from Sesbania graniflora pods meal (SES) on the kinetics of gas, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, protein efficiency uses, and methane (CH) mitigation. Eight treatments were formed according to a 2 × 4 factorial design in a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor referred to the levels of CP at 14 and 16% on dry matter (DM) basis in the concentrate diet, and the second factor referred to the levels of SES supplementation at 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% of the total substrate on a DM basis. The results showed that S. graniflora pod meal contained 21.73% CP, 10.87% condensed tannins, and 16.20% crude saponins, respectively. Most kinetics of gas as well as cumulative gas were not influenced by the CP levels or SES addition (P > 0.05) except gas production from immediately soluble fraction (a) was significantly different by CP levels. Ammonia-nitrogen concentration of incubation at 4 h was significantly difference based on the CP levels and SES supplementation (P < 0.05). Increasing SES levels significantly (P < 0.05) decreased protozoal population. In vitro digestibility of DM and organic matter was not changed by CP levels or SES addition. Butyrate and acetate to propionate ration were decreased, and propionate was increased when increasing SES dose (P < 0.05), while CP levels did not change total volatile fatty acids and molar portions. The ruminal CH concentration was reduced by 44.12% when 0.6% SES was added after 8 h of incubation. Therefore, SES supplementation could enhance protein utilization and improve rumen fermentation particularly lowering CH production.
本研究旨在对浓缩物中粗蛋白（CP）水平和金合欢豆荚皂素提取物（SES）对气体动力学、养分消化率、瘤胃发酵、蛋白质效率利用和甲烷（CH）减排的体外影响进行基本评估。采用完全随机设计（CRD）的 2×4 因子设计形成 8 种处理。第一个因素是浓缩物日粮中 CP 水平分别为干物质（DM）基础上的 14%和 16%，第二个因素是 SES 补充水平分别为 DM 基础上的 0、0.2、0.4 和 0.6%。结果表明，金合欢豆荚中 CP 含量分别为 21.73%、10.87%和 16.20%。除 CP 水平外，大多数气体动力学和累积气体的产生不受 CP 水平或 SES 添加的影响（P>0.05）。4 小时孵育时氨氮浓度基于 CP 水平和 SES 补充有显著差异（P<0.05）。SES 水平的增加显著（P<0.05）降低了原生动物的数量。CP 水平或 SES 添加对 DM 和有机物的体外消化率没有影响。但当 SES 剂量增加时，丁酸盐和乙酸盐与丙酸盐的比例降低，丙酸盐增加（P<0.05），而 CP 水平没有改变总挥发性脂肪酸和摩尔部分。孵育 8 小时后添加 0.6% SES 可使瘤胃 CH 浓度降低 44.12%。因此，SES 补充可提高蛋白质利用率，改善瘤胃发酵，特别是降低 CH 产量。
