China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021 Aug;36(8):1148-1157. doi: 10.1002/gps.5510. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Physical exercise is effective in protecting against age-related neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Although there are many neuroimaging studies to evaluate the effect of physical exercise on aging brains, consistent conclusions are limited due to the wide variety of measuring techniques and small sample sizes.
Identify brain regions that show exercise-induced neuroplasticity consistently across various imaging modalities and correlate regional neuroplasticity with cognitive changes in older adults.
An electronic literature search for randomized controlled trials with magnetic resonance imaging measures was performed. We conducted a series of quantitative meta-analyses using activation likelihood estimation on included studies with voxel-based neuroimaging findings. Nonvoxelbased findings were summarized as a descriptive review.
Out of 839 publications identified from the literature search, 30 experiments including 2670 participants from 22 papers met the criteria of meta-analyses. Overall, physical exercise consistently results in structural and functional changes in the hippocampus/parahippocampusl area and a cluster within the cerebellum. Although changes of medial/superior prefrontal cortex did not pass the stringent threshold, they were associated with cognitive changes.
This study highlights the effectiveness of physical exercise in inducing hippocampus plasticity, which may be crucially relevant for maintaining memory function in older adults.
体育锻炼对于预防与年龄相关的神经退行性变和认知能力下降是有效的。尽管有许多神经影像学研究评估体育锻炼对衰老大脑的影响，但由于测量技术种类繁多且样本量较小，因此得出的一致结论有限。
确定在各种成像方式中一致显示运动诱导的神经可塑性的大脑区域，并将区域神经可塑性与老年人的认知变化相关联。
我们对磁共振成像测量的随机对照试验进行了电子文献检索。我们对包含基于体素神经影像学发现的研究进行了一系列使用激活似然估计的定量荟萃分析。非基于体素的发现被总结为描述性综述。
从文献检索中识别出 839 篇出版物，其中 30 项实验包括 22 篇论文中的 2670 名参与者符合荟萃分析的标准。总体而言，体育锻炼会导致海马/旁海马区域和小脑内一个簇的结构和功能发生变化。尽管内侧/额上皮质的变化未通过严格的阈值，但它们与认知变化相关。
本研究强调了体育锻炼诱导海马体可塑性的有效性，这对于维持老年人的记忆功能可能至关重要。
