Lu Zhenzhen, Deng Shunxi, Gao Chanjuan, Li Guanghua, Song Hui, Li Jianghao
School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China.
Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Mar 6;193(4):164. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-08951-0.
Alternative-fueled vehicles have been introduced to solve the problem of the energy crisis and address air pollution. However, typical pollutants (e.g., methane and methanol) are emitted through combustion of the alternative fuel. In this study, the concentrations of regulated pollutants (CO, NO) and unregulated pollutants (CH, methanol, formaldehyde, and 8 NMHC species) in the exhaust from methanol, CNG, and gasoline-fueled vehicles (MV, NGV, and GV) were measured systematically on a chassis dynamometer during an in-use vehicle driving cycle. The emission factors of these gaseous pollutants were calculated, and the ozone formation potential (OFP) of each ozone precursor measured in this work was evaluated with the MIR scale. The results showed that NO and NMHC species exhausted from the MV and NGV decreased significantly than that from the GV. However, the unburned pollutants exhausted from MV and NGV warrant attention. For the OFPs, CO was the largest contributor for all tested vehicles. Formaldehyde was ranked the second for the MV and NGV. Among the tested vehicles, the OFPs of NGV were the lowest. The results are helpful in quantitating analysis of the vehicle emissions and evaluating the impacts of alternative-fueled vehicles on atmospheric environment.
为解决能源危机问题并应对空气污染，人们引入了替代燃料汽车。然而，替代燃料燃烧会排放典型污染物（如甲烷和甲醇）。在本研究中，在底盘测功机上，于实际车辆行驶循环期间，系统测量了甲醇、压缩天然气和汽油燃料汽车（甲醇汽车、天然气汽车和汽油车）尾气中常规污染物（一氧化碳、一氧化氮）和非常规污染物（碳氢化合物、甲醇、甲醛和8种非甲烷碳氢化合物）的浓度。计算了这些气态污染物的排放因子，并使用最大增量反应活性（MIR）尺度评估了本研究中测量的每种臭氧前体的臭氧生成潜势（OFP）。结果表明，甲醇汽车和天然气汽车排放的一氧化氮和非甲烷碳氢化合物种类比汽油车显著减少。然而，甲醇汽车和天然气汽车排放的未燃烧污染物值得关注。就臭氧生成潜势而言，一氧化碳是所有测试车辆的最大贡献者。甲醛在甲醇汽车和天然气汽车中排名第二。在测试车辆中，天然气汽车的臭氧生成潜势最低。这些结果有助于对车辆排放进行定量分析，并评估替代燃料汽车对大气环境的影响。
