Pérez J Christian
Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Int J Med Microbiol. 2021 Apr;311(3):151490. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2021.151490. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
It is becoming increasingly clear that fungi are important components of the gut microbiota. Fungi residing in the human intestine, for example, elicit the induction of T helper 17 cells, which are central orchestrators of protective immune responses. Likewise, fungal members of the intestinal microbiota have been shown to influence the immunological responses of the mammalian host by dampening or promoting local inflammatory responses. Here I review some of the latest developments regarding symbiotic fungi of the gastrointestinal tract and the consequences that fungal dysbiosis may have on human health. A major focus of the review is on the relationship between Candida albicans, the most prominent fungus inhabiting the human gut, and the mammalian host. Advances in the field underscore the need to further investigate the fungi that inhabit the human body to understand how the mixed array of microbes that constitute our microbiota contribute to health and disease.
越来越明显的是，真菌是肠道微生物群的重要组成部分。例如，存在于人类肠道中的真菌会引发辅助性T细胞17的诱导，而辅助性T细胞17是保护性免疫反应的核心协调者。同样，肠道微生物群中的真菌成员已被证明可通过抑制或促进局部炎症反应来影响哺乳动物宿主的免疫反应。在此，我回顾了一些关于胃肠道共生真菌的最新进展以及真菌失调可能对人类健康产生的后果。本综述的一个主要重点是白色念珠菌（栖息于人类肠道的最主要真菌）与哺乳动物宿主之间的关系。该领域的进展强调了进一步研究栖息于人体的真菌的必要性，以了解构成我们微生物群的混合微生物如何影响健康和疾病。
