Suppr超能文献

捕捉金色飞贼:脑电信号揭示阅读过程中(虚构的)世界知识功能组织的变异性。

To catch a Snitch: Brain potentials reveal variability in the functional organization of (fictional) world knowledge during reading.

作者信息

Troyer Melissa, Kutas Marta

机构信息

Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, United States of America.

Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, United States of America.

出版信息

J Mem Lang. 2020 Aug;113. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2020.104111. Epub 2020 Feb 25.

Abstract

We harnessed the temporal sensitivity of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) alongside individual differences in Harry Potter (HP) knowledge to investigate the extent to which the availability and timing of information relevant for real-time written word processing are influenced by variation in domain knowledge. We manipulated meaningful (category, event) relationships between sentence fragments about HP stories and their sentence final words. During word-by-word reading, N400 amplitudes to (a) linguistically supported and (b) unsupported but meaningfully related, but not to (c) unsupported, unrelated sentence endings varied with HP domain knowledge. Single-trial analyses revealed that only the N400s to linguistically supported (but not to either type of unsupported) sentence-final words varied as a function of whether individuals knew (or could remember) the correct (supported) ending for each HP "fact." We conclude that the quick availability of information relevant for word understanding in sentences is a function of individuals' knowledge of both specific facts and the domain to which the facts belong. During written sentence processing, as domain knowledge increases, it is clearly evident that individuals can make use of the relevant knowledge systematically organized around themes, events, and categories in that domain, to the extent they have it.

摘要

我们利用事件相关脑电位(ERP)的时间敏感性以及个体在《哈利·波特》(HP)知识上的差异,来研究与实时书面文字处理相关的信息的可得性和时机在多大程度上受到领域知识差异的影响。我们操纵了关于《哈利·波特》故事的句子片段与其句末单词之间有意义的(类别、事件)关系。在逐词阅读过程中,对于(a)语言上有支持的、(b)无支持但有意义相关的,而不是对于(c)无支持、不相关的句子结尾,N400波幅随《哈利·波特》领域知识而变化。单次试验分析表明,只有对语言上有支持的(而不是对任何一种无支持的)句末单词的N400波幅会随着个体是否知道(或能记住)每个《哈利·波特》“事实”的正确(有支持的)结尾而变化。我们得出结论,句子中与单词理解相关的信息的快速可得性是个体对特定事实以及这些事实所属领域的知识的函数。在书面句子处理过程中,随着领域知识的增加,很明显个体能够在其拥有相关知识的程度上,系统地利用围绕该领域的主题、事件和类别而组织的相关知识。

相似文献

3
Harry Potter and the Chamber of ?: The impact of what individuals know on word processing during reading.
Lang Cogn Neurosci. 2020;35(5):641-657. doi: 10.1080/23273798.2018.1503309. Epub 2018 Aug 20.
5
Lumos!: Electrophysiological tracking of (wizarding) world knowledge use during reading.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2020 Mar;46(3):476-486. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000737. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
6
The Truth Before and After: Brain Potentials Reveal Automatic Activation of Event Knowledge during Sentence Comprehension.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2015 Nov;27(11):2215-28. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00856. Epub 2015 Aug 5.
7
The effects of processing requirements on neurophysiological responses to spoken sentences.
Brain Lang. 1990 Aug;39(2):302-18. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(90)90016-a.
8
9
Seeing words in context: the interaction of lexical and sentence level information during reading.
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2004 Mar;19(1):59-73. doi: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2003.10.022.
10
Revisiting the incremental effects of context on word processing: Evidence from single-word event-related brain potentials.
Psychophysiology. 2015 Nov;52(11):1456-69. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12515. Epub 2015 Aug 27.

引用本文的文献

2
Diffindo! Precise language comprehension in older adulthood revealed by event-related brain potential studies of domain knowledge.
Cognition. 2025 Oct;263:106210. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2025.106210. Epub 2025 Jun 10.
3
Single-trial neurodynamics reveal N400 and P600 coupling in language comprehension.
Cogn Neurodyn. 2024 Dec;18(6):3309-3325. doi: 10.1007/s11571-023-09983-7. Epub 2023 Jun 20.
4
Prediction during language comprehension: what is next?
Trends Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;27(11):1032-1052. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2023.08.003. Epub 2023 Sep 11.
5
The Effects of Sustained Literacy Engagement on Cognition and Sentence Processing Among Older Adults.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jul 11;13:923795. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.923795. eCollection 2022.
7
Retrieval (N400) and integration (P600) in expectation-based comprehension.
PLoS One. 2021 Sep 28;16(9):e0257430. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257430. eCollection 2021.
8
Thematic and other semantic relations central to abstract (and concrete) concepts.
Psychol Res. 2022 Nov;86(8):2399-2416. doi: 10.1007/s00426-021-01484-8. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

本文引用的文献

1
Harry Potter and the Chamber of ?: The impact of what individuals know on word processing during reading.
Lang Cogn Neurosci. 2020;35(5):641-657. doi: 10.1080/23273798.2018.1503309. Epub 2018 Aug 20.
2
Modelling the N400 brain potential as change in a probabilistic representation of meaning.
Nat Hum Behav. 2018 Sep;2(9):693-705. doi: 10.1038/s41562-018-0406-4. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
3
Lumos!: Electrophysiological tracking of (wizarding) world knowledge use during reading.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2020 Mar;46(3):476-486. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000737. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
4
A model of event knowledge.
Psychol Rev. 2019 Mar;126(2):252-291. doi: 10.1037/rev0000133. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
5
Similar time courses for word form and meaning preactivation during sentence comprehension.
Psychophysiology. 2019 Apr;56(4):e13312. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13312. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
6
Predictability's aftermath: Downstream consequences of word predictability as revealed by repetition effects.
Cortex. 2018 Apr;101:16-30. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.12.018. Epub 2018 Jan 2.
8
On the Proper Treatment of the N400 and P600 in Language Comprehension.
Front Psychol. 2017 Aug 2;8:1327. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01327. eCollection 2017.
9
A Neurocomputational Model of the N400 and the P600 in Language Processing.
Cogn Sci. 2017 May;41 Suppl 6(Suppl Suppl 6):1318-1352. doi: 10.1111/cogs.12461. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
10
Modeling the N400 ERP component as transient semantic over-activation within a neural network model of word comprehension.
Cognition. 2017 May;162:153-166. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.10.016. Epub 2016 Nov 18.

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验