Avanigadda Durga B, Kulasekaran Ravisankar A
Department of Population Studies, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Family Community Med. 2021 Jan-Apr;28(1):17-27. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_256_20. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
The high prevalence rates of violence of the intimate partner affects the maternal health of the woman that sometimes ends in maternal mortality as well as the possibility of an adverse effect on the newborn. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of intimate physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) on mothers and examine the association between IPV and pregnancy complications.
Data for the present study were retrieved from the National Family Health Survey-IV (2015-2016). In total, 79,729 women completed the domestic violence questions, but 24,882 were considered for this analysis. The study was restricted to currently married women aged 15-49 who had given birth to at least one child in the 5 years preceding the survey. The association between self-reporting pregnancy complications with the experience of IPV was examined using Chi-square test, followed by multivariate logistic regression.
The study findings show that IPV, specifically physical and sexual violence, are associated with pregnancy complications. The results show that 31.6% of the women had experienced some form of IPV. The factors associated with IPV included husband's alcohol habit, women who had witnessed parental violence, and women whose husbands had shown high marital controlling behavior. The high level of pregnancy complications was reported by women who had experienced sexual violence, emotional violence, and women whose husbands display three or more specific behaviors.
Confidential screening for IPV and prompt referral to support services could be crucial in improving women's reproductive health.
亲密伴侣暴力的高发生率影响女性的孕产健康，有时会导致孕产妇死亡，还可能对新生儿产生不良影响。本研究的目的是评估母亲遭受亲密身体暴力和性暴力的发生率及决定因素，并探讨亲密伴侣暴力与妊娠并发症之间的关联。
本研究的数据取自第四次全国家庭健康调查（2015 - 2016年）。共有79,729名女性回答了家庭暴力相关问题，但本分析纳入了其中24,882名女性。该研究仅限于在调查前5年内生育过至少一个孩子的15 - 49岁已婚女性。使用卡方检验，随后进行多因素逻辑回归，来检验自我报告的妊娠并发症与亲密伴侣暴力经历之间的关联。
研究结果表明，亲密伴侣暴力，特别是身体暴力和性暴力，与妊娠并发症有关。结果显示，31.6%的女性曾经历某种形式的亲密伴侣暴力。与亲密伴侣暴力相关的因素包括丈夫的酗酒习惯、目睹过父母暴力的女性，以及丈夫表现出高度婚姻控制行为的女性。经历过性暴力、情感暴力的女性，以及丈夫表现出三种或更多特定行为的女性，报告的妊娠并发症水平较高。
对亲密伴侣暴力进行保密筛查并及时转介至支持服务，对于改善女性生殖健康可能至关重要。
