León-Zarceño Eva, Moreno-Tenas Antonio, Boix Vilella Salvador, García-Naveira Alejo, Serrano-Rosa Miguel Angel
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Isabel I University, Burgos, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2021 Feb 17;12:620745. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.620745. eCollection 2021.
The confinement that COVID-19 has brought about has had a negative influence on people's psychological health. However, this impact is not widespread throughout the population, and men and women may be affected differently and it is not known what protective factors may exist. In this sense, physical activity has classically been shown to be a habit associated with psychological health. The study aimed to analyze the impact of confinement on psychological health (psychological well-being, coping, emotions, and perception of daily difficulties), taking into account gender, and perceived changes in physical activity. After the project was approved by the University's Ethics Commission, the participants, after signing the informed consent, completed the online questionnaires during the days from 6 to 20 April, the time when, in Spain, confinement was in place and the highest peak of deaths and infections from COVID-19 occurred. A total of 457 Spanish participants (247 men and 210 women) were evaluated in psychological well-being, in its adaptation to Spanish, in coping, with the Spanish adaptation of the COPE Inventory, in daily habits and difficulties ( questionnaire) and the level of physical activity they had (sedentary, active, and federated players) was recorded. Besides, the perceived change in physical activity due to confinement was recorded. The results showed that perceived emotions, difficulties for certain routines, psychological well-being, and coping differed according to sex. On the other hand, depending on the change in physical activity habits, it was observed that participants who increased their physical activity responded differently in the perception of emotions, and difficulties for routines and in psychological well-being. Finally, differences were also observed in most variables between sedentary, active, and federated participants. Results are discussed highlighting the importance of physical activity as a moderating factor of the impact of confinement.
新冠疫情带来的居家隔离对人们的心理健康产生了负面影响。然而，这种影响并非在全体人群中普遍存在，男性和女性受到的影响可能不同，且尚不清楚可能存在哪些保护因素。从这个意义上说，体育活动传统上一直被证明是一种与心理健康相关的习惯。该研究旨在分析居家隔离对心理健康（心理幸福感、应对方式、情绪以及对日常困难的感知）的影响，同时考虑性别因素以及体育活动的感知变化。在该项目获得大学伦理委员会批准后，参与者签署知情同意书后，于4月6日至20日期间完成了在线问卷，这一时期在西班牙正是实施居家隔离的时间，也是新冠疫情死亡和感染人数的最高峰期。共有457名西班牙参与者（247名男性和210名女性）接受了心理幸福感评估，评估采用了其西班牙语版本，应对方式采用了《应对方式问卷》的西班牙语改编版，还评估了日常习惯和困难（问卷）以及他们的体育活动水平（久坐不动、活跃和参加联合会比赛的运动员）。此外，还记录了由于居家隔离导致的体育活动感知变化。结果表明，感知到的情绪、某些日常活动的困难、心理幸福感和应对方式因性别而异。另一方面，根据体育活动习惯的变化，观察到体育活动增加的参与者在情绪感知、日常活动困难感知和心理幸福感方面的反应有所不同。最后，在久坐不动、活跃和参加联合会比赛的参与者之间，大多数变量也存在差异。讨论结果突出了体育活动作为居家隔离影响调节因素的重要性。
