Alsalhe Tareq A, Aljaloud Sulaiman O, Chalghaf Nasr, Guelmami Noomen, Alhazza Dallal W, Azaiez Fairouz, Bragazzi Nicola Luigi
College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Group for the Study of Development and Social Environment (GEDES), Faculty of Human and Social Science of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Front Psychol. 2020 Sep 23;11:570085. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.570085. eCollection 2020.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of the fear of COVID-19, level of physical activity, and gender on negative stress (distress) in an Arab population by means of structural equations based on partial least squares.
The sample population comprised of 459 participants from four Arab countries (age = 33.02, SD = 8.46; = 237 women and = 222 men). The level of education was basic (<9 years of study; = 144), secondary/vocational (between 9 and 12; = 178), and university ( = 137). The "Fear of COVID-19" Scale, the short form of the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire," and the "Perceived Stress Scale" questionnaires were disseminated by emails and social networks Google Forms. SMARTPLS software version 3.2.9 was used to model the relationships between the variables under study.
Results confirmed the links between level of physical activity, fear of COVID-19, and gender, showing a significant mediating effect of the fear of COVID-19 on the relationship between gender and general distress. The level of physical activity was also found to influence the fear of COVID-19, varying depending on gender. In addition, the model highlighted the presence of a moderation effect of the level of physical activity.
Based on the model presented in the present study, we can conclude that the COVID-19 pandemic has a profound impact on psychological distress in the target populations. The impact of the level of physical activity on psychological distress is shown to be very important during the pandemic phase.
本研究旨在通过基于偏最小二乘法的结构方程，探讨阿拉伯人群中对新冠病毒的恐惧、身体活动水平和性别对负面压力（困扰）的影响。
样本人群包括来自四个阿拉伯国家的459名参与者（年龄 = 33.02，标准差 = 8.46；女性 = 237人，男性 = 222人）。教育水平为基础水平（学习年限<9年； = 144人）、中等/职业水平（9至12年； = 178人）和大学水平（ = 137人）。通过电子邮件和社交网络（谷歌表单）发放“对新冠病毒的恐惧”量表、“国际身体活动问卷”简表和“感知压力量表”问卷。使用SMARTPLS软件3.2.9版本对所研究变量之间的关系进行建模。
结果证实了身体活动水平、对新冠病毒的恐惧和性别之间的联系，表明对新冠病毒的恐惧在性别与一般困扰之间的关系中具有显著的中介作用。还发现身体活动水平会影响对新冠病毒的恐惧，且因性别而异。此外，该模型突出了身体活动水平的调节作用。
基于本研究提出的模型，我们可以得出结论，新冠疫情对目标人群的心理困扰有深远影响。在疫情阶段，身体活动水平对心理困扰的影响非常重要。
