Zabotina Olga A, Zhang Ning, Weerts Richard
Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Feb 19;12:625307. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.625307. eCollection 2021.
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes that catalyze reactions attaching an activated sugar to an acceptor substrate, which may be a polysaccharide, peptide, lipid, or small molecule. In the past decade, notable progress has been made in revealing and cloning genes encoding polysaccharide-synthesizing GTs. However, the vast majority of GTs remain structurally and functionally uncharacterized. The mechanism by which they are organized in the Golgi membrane, where they synthesize complex, highly branched polysaccharide structures with high efficiency and fidelity, is also mostly unknown. This review will focus on current knowledge about plant polysaccharide-synthesizing GTs, specifically focusing on protein-protein interactions and the formation of multiprotein complexes.
糖基转移酶（GTs）是一类催化将活化糖连接到受体底物上的反应的酶，受体底物可以是多糖、肽、脂质或小分子。在过去十年中，在揭示和克隆编码多糖合成GTs的基因方面取得了显著进展。然而，绝大多数GTs在结构和功能上仍未得到表征。它们在高尔基体膜中如何组织，从而高效且准确地合成复杂的、高度分支的多糖结构，这一机制也大多未知。本综述将聚焦于目前关于植物多糖合成GTs的知识，特别关注蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用以及多蛋白复合物的形成。
