Valencia Areli, Zuma Bongeka Z, Spencer-Bonilla Gabriela, López Lenny, Scheinker David, Rodriguez Fatima
Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA.
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA.
Obes Sci Pract. 2020 Oct 23;7(1):14-24. doi: 10.1002/osp4.461. eCollection 2021 Feb.
The percentage of Hispanics in a county has a negative association with prevalence of obesity. Because Hispanic individuals are unevenly distributed in the United States, this study examined whether this protective association persists when stratifying counties into quartiles based on the size of the Hispanic population and after adjusting for county-level demographic, socioeconomic, healthcare, and environmental factors.
Data were extracted from the 2018 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation County Health Rankings. Counties were categorized into quartiles based on their percentage of Hispanics, 0%-5% ( = 1794), 5%-20% ( = 962), 20%-50% ( = 283), and >50% ( = 99). For each quartile, univariate and multivariate regression models were used to evaluate the association between prevalence of obesity and demographic, socioeconomic, healthcare, and environmental factors.
Counties with the top quartile of Hispanic individuals had the lowest prevalence of obesity compared to counties at the bottom quartile (28.4 ± 3.6% vs. 32.7 ± 4.0%). There was a negative association between county-level percentage of Hispanics and prevalence of obesity in unadjusted analyses that persisted after adjusting for all county-level factors.
Counties with a higher percentage of Hispanics have lower levels of obesity, even after controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, healthcare, and environmental factors. More research is needed to elucidate why having more Hispanics in a county may be protective against county-level obesity.
某县西班牙裔人口的百分比与肥胖患病率呈负相关。由于西班牙裔个体在美国分布不均，本研究调查了在根据西班牙裔人口规模将各县划分为四分位数，并对县级人口、社会经济、医疗保健和环境因素进行调整后，这种保护关联是否仍然存在。
数据取自2018年罗伯特·伍德·约翰逊基金会县健康排名。各县根据西班牙裔人口百分比分为四分位数，0%-5%（=1794）、5%-20%（=962）、20%-50%（=283）和>50%（=99）。对于每个四分位数，使用单变量和多变量回归模型来评估肥胖患病率与人口、社会经济、医疗保健和环境因素之间的关联。
与处于最低四分位数的县相比，西班牙裔人口处于最高四分位数的县肥胖患病率最低（28.4±3.6%对32.7±4.0%）。在未调整的分析中，县级西班牙裔人口百分比与肥胖患病率之间存在负相关，在对所有县级因素进行调整后，这种负相关仍然存在。
即使在控制了人口、社会经济、医疗保健和环境因素之后，西班牙裔人口比例较高的县肥胖水平较低。需要更多的研究来阐明为什么一个县有更多的西班牙裔人口可能对县级肥胖具有保护作用。
