Stock Benita, Möckel Luis
HSD Hochschule Döpfer GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Regensburg, Prüfeninger Straße 20, 93049 Regensburg, Germany.
HSD Hochschule Döpfer GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Waidmarkt 3 & 9, 50676 Cologne, Germany.
Health Technol (Berl). 2021;11(3):595-602. doi: 10.1007/s12553-021-00532-y. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
Objectives of this study were to analyze characteristics influencing blood donation status, to identify anxieties and reasons for (non-)blood donation, and potential channels for future blood donation campaigns. A random population from Germany was interviewed using the online survey tool SoSci Survey. The access link to the questionnaire was distributed via snowball system and the Bavarian Red Cross. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors influencing blood donation status. A total of 682 participants (27.3% blood donors) with a mean age of 33.4 and a standard deviation (SD) of 12.0 years were included into the analysis. Strongest factor associated with being blood donor was having a blood donor within family and friends (Odds ratio [OR]: 5.05 [95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.63; 9.70]; ≤0.001), whereas having anxiety related to blood donation was the strongest factor for being non-blood donor (OR: 0.11 [95% CI: 0.05; 0.21] ≤0.001). Other factors significantly influencing blood donor status were age, health-related quality of life, knowledge on blood donation, being an organ donor and having pre-conditions. Main anxieties avoiding blood donation were fear of physical consequences, and fear of the injection needle. Most frequently mentioned channels which should be used for blood donation campaigns were Instagram and free TV. Involving blood donors into campaigns to recruit new blood donors from their personal environment and to focus campaign content on physical benefits of blood donations might help to recruit new blood donors. In addition, running campaigns stronger on channels such as Instagram might increase their scope.
本研究的目的是分析影响献血状况的特征，确定（不）献血的焦虑情绪和原因，以及未来献血活动的潜在渠道。使用在线调查工具SoSci Survey对来自德国的随机人群进行了访谈。问卷的访问链接通过滚雪球系统和巴伐利亚红十字会进行分发。进行统计分析以确定影响献血状况的因素。共有682名参与者（27.3%为献血者）纳入分析，平均年龄为33.4岁，标准差为12.0岁。与成为献血者相关的最强因素是在家人和朋友中有献血者（优势比[OR]：5.05[95%置信区间[95%CI]：2.63；9.70]；≤0.001），而与献血相关的焦虑是成为非献血者的最强因素（OR：0.11[95%CI：0.05；0.21]≤0.001）。其他显著影响献血者状况的因素包括年龄、与健康相关的生活质量、献血知识、成为器官捐献者以及有先决条件。避免献血的主要焦虑是担心身体后果和害怕注射针头。最常提到的应在献血活动中使用的渠道是Instagram和免费电视。让献血者参与活动，从他们的个人环境中招募新的献血者，并将活动内容聚焦于献血的身体益处，可能有助于招募新的献血者。此外，在Instagram等渠道上加强活动宣传可能会扩大其影响力。
