Shen Tingting, Zhang Yu, Zhou Shurong, Lin Shuibin, Zhang Xiao-Bing, Zhu Guizhi
Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering and Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences-School of Pharmacy; Massey Cancer Center; Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences-School of Pharmacy; Massey Cancer Center; Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2020 May 18;3(5):2838-2849. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00101. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
The past decade has witnessed the blossom of two fields: nucleic acid therapeutics and cancer immunotherapy. Unlike traditional small molecule medicines or protein biologics, nucleic acid therapeutics have characteristic features such as storing genetic information, immunomodulation, and easy conformational recovery. Immunotherapy uses the patients' own immune system to treat cancer. A variety of strategies have been developed for cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive cell transfer therapy, therapeutic vaccines, and oncolytic virotherapy. Interestingly, nucleic acid therapeutics have emerged as a pivotal class of regimen for cancer immunotherapy. Examples of such nucleic acid immunotherapeutics include immunostimulatory DNA/RNA, mRNA/plasmids that can be translated into immunotherapeutic proteins/peptides, and genome-editing nucleic acids. Like many other therapeutic nucleic acids, nucleic acid immunotherapeutics often require chemical modifications to protect them from enzymatic degradation and need drug delivery systems for optimal delivery to target tissues and cells and subcellular locations. In this review, we attempted to summarize recent advancement in the interfacial field of nucleic acid immunotherapeutics for cancer treatment.
核酸疗法和癌症免疫疗法。与传统小分子药物或蛋白质生物制剂不同，核酸疗法具有储存遗传信息、免疫调节和易于构象恢复等特征。免疫疗法利用患者自身的免疫系统来治疗癌症。已经开发出多种癌症免疫疗法策略，包括免疫检查点阻断、过继性细胞转移疗法、治疗性疫苗和溶瘤病毒疗法。有趣的是，核酸疗法已成为癌症免疫疗法的关键一类治疗方案。此类核酸免疫疗法的例子包括免疫刺激DNA/RNA、可翻译成免疫治疗性蛋白质/肽的mRNA/质粒，以及基因组编辑核酸。与许多其他治疗性核酸一样，核酸免疫疗法通常需要进行化学修饰以保护它们免受酶降解，并且需要药物递送系统以实现向靶组织、细胞和亚细胞位置的最佳递送。在本综述中，我们试图总结核酸免疫疗法在癌症治疗界面领域的最新进展。
