Chang Xiaoming, Fan Yuanyuan, Zhao Kui, Fang Junjie, Liu Dongle, Tang Ming-Chun, Barrit Dounya, Smilgies Detlef-M, Li Ruipeng, Lu Jing, Li Jianbo, Yang Tinghuan, Amassian Aram, Ding Zicheng, Chen Yonghua, Liu Shengzhong Frank, Huang Wei
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC) and Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Research (Wash D C). 2021 Feb 16;2021:9671892. doi: 10.34133/2021/9671892. eCollection 2021.
Eco-friendly printing is important for mass manufacturing of thin-film photovoltaic (PV) devices to preserve human safety and the environment and to reduce energy consumption and capital expense. However, it is challenging for perovskite PVs due to the lack of eco-friendly solvents for ambient fast printing. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time an eco-friendly printing concept for high-performance perovskite solar cells. Both the perovskite and charge transport layers were fabricated from eco-friendly solvents scalable fast blade coating under ambient conditions. The perovskite dynamic crystallization during blade coating investigated using grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) reveals a long sol-gel window prior to phase transformation and a strong interaction between the precursors and the eco-friendly solvents. The insights enable the achievement of high quality coatings for both the perovskite and charge transport layers by controlling film formation during scalable coating. The excellent optoelectronic properties of these coatings translate to a power conversion efficiency of 18.26% for eco-friendly printed solar cells, which is on par with the conventional devices fabricated spin coating from toxic solvents under inert atmosphere. The eco-friendly printing paradigm presented in this work paves the way for future green and high-throughput fabrication on an industrial scale for perovskite PVs.
环保印刷对于薄膜光伏（PV）器件的大规模制造至关重要，这有助于保护人类安全和环境，并降低能源消耗和资本支出。然而，对于钙钛矿光伏器件来说，由于缺乏用于环境快速印刷的环保溶剂，这一过程具有挑战性。在本研究中，我们首次展示了一种用于高性能钙钛矿太阳能电池的环保印刷概念。钙钛矿层和电荷传输层均由环保溶剂制成，并在环境条件下通过可扩展的快速刮刀涂布工艺制备。使用掠入射广角X射线散射（GIWAXS）研究刮刀涂布过程中钙钛矿的动态结晶，结果显示在相变之前存在较长的溶胶-凝胶窗口，并且前驱体与环保溶剂之间存在强烈的相互作用。这些见解使得通过在可扩展涂布过程中控制成膜，能够为钙钛矿层和电荷传输层实现高质量的涂层。这些涂层优异的光电性能使得环保印刷太阳能电池的功率转换效率达到18.26%，与在惰性气氛下由有毒溶剂旋涂制备的传统器件相当。本工作中提出的环保印刷范例为未来钙钛矿光伏器件的绿色和高通量工业规模制造铺平了道路。
