Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, India.
Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, India.
Acta Biomed. 2021 Feb 4;92(1):e2021030. doi: 10.23750/abm.v92i1.8891.
There is well documented scientific evidence supporting the association between Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and periodontitis. It is however, uncertain if this association is causal or is mediated by the common inflammatory pathways. Hence, the study assessed and compared the Periodontal Health Status among CHD patients with age and gender matched controls.
A total of 808 medically confirmed CHD patients were compared with 808 age and gender matched controls. Oral examination was conducted using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and modified World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment form, 1997. Mean scores were compared using Mann- Whitney-U test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Logistic regression analysed the association between the risk factors and CHD.
Cases had significantly higher mean sextants with pockets and attachment loss ≥4mm compared to controls (p≤0.05). The cases also had significantly poor oral hygiene mean scores compared to controls (p=0.0001*). There was a lower and insignificant association between age (p=0.99), gender (p=0.84) and CHD. Risk factors education (p=0.001), lesser frequency of dental visit (p=0.001) also showed a lower, yet significant association. Risk of CHD was higher among tobacco (Odds ratio (OR) - 2.26) and alcohol (OR-1.83) users. Presence of poor oral hygiene (OR-5.20), pocket of ≥6 mm (6.70) and attachment loss of ≥9 mm (OR-11.31) also showed higher risk of CHD.
The study results support the association between periodontal disease and CHD. To halt the epidemic of CHD, emphasis on screening of wide age range, reinforcement of public health systems and early detection is recommended. (www.actabiomedica.it).
有大量科学文献证明冠心病（CHD）与牙周炎之间存在关联。然而，这种关联是因果关系还是由共同的炎症途径介导尚不确定。因此，本研究评估并比较了冠心病患者与年龄和性别匹配的对照组之间的牙周健康状况。
将 808 名经医学证实的冠心病患者与 808 名年龄和性别匹配的对照组进行比较。使用简化口腔卫生指数（OHI-S）和改良的世界卫生组织（WHO）口腔健康评估表进行口腔检查，1997 年。使用 Mann-Whitney-U 检验和方差分析（ANOVA）比较均值得分。Logistic 回归分析了危险因素与 CHD 之间的关系。
与对照组相比，病例组的牙周袋和附着丧失≥4mm 的 sextants 均值显著更高（p≤0.05）。病例组的口腔卫生均值得分也明显低于对照组（p=0.0001*）。年龄（p=0.99）、性别（p=0.84）与 CHD 之间的关联较低且无统计学意义。危险因素教育（p=0.001）、较少的牙科就诊频率（p=0.001）也存在较低但有统计学意义的关联。烟草（比值比（OR）-2.26）和酒精（OR-1.83）使用者患 CHD 的风险更高。存在口腔卫生不良（OR-5.20）、≥6mm 的牙周袋（6.70）和≥9mm 的附着丧失（OR-11.31）也显示出更高的 CHD 风险。
本研究结果支持牙周病与 CHD 之间的关联。为了遏制 CHD 的流行，建议对广泛年龄范围进行筛查，加强公共卫生系统并进行早期检测。（www.actabiomedica.it）。
