Neve R L, Finch E A, Bird E D, Benowitz L I
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(10):3638-42. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.10.3638.
GAP-43 is a neuron-specific phosphoprotein that has been linked with the development and functional modulation of synaptic relationships. cDNAs for the human GAP-43 gene were used to reveal high overall levels of GAP-43 mRNA in a number of integrative areas of the neocortex, but low levels in cortical areas involved in the initial processing of sensory information, in several brainstem structures, and in caudate-putamen. Neurons expressing highest levels of GAP-43 mRNA were found by in situ hybridization to be concentrated in layer 2 of association cortex and in hippocampal pyramidal cells. Control studies showed that several other RNAs had regional distributions that were different from GAP-43, although the mRNA encoding the precursor of the Alzheimer amyloid beta protein followed a similar pattern of expression. These results suggest that a restricted subset of cortical and hippocampal neurons may be specialized for synaptic remodeling and might play a role in information storage in the human brain.
生长相关蛋白43（GAP - 43）是一种神经元特异性磷蛋白，它与突触关系的发育和功能调节有关。人类GAP - 43基因的cDNA被用于揭示新皮质多个整合区域中GAP - 43 mRNA的总体水平较高，但在参与感觉信息初始处理的皮质区域、几个脑干结构以及尾状核 - 壳核中水平较低。通过原位杂交发现，表达GAP - 43 mRNA最高水平的神经元集中在联合皮质的第2层和海马锥体细胞中。对照研究表明，其他几种RNA的区域分布与GAP - 43不同，尽管编码阿尔茨海默病β淀粉样蛋白前体的mRNA遵循类似的表达模式。这些结果表明，皮质和海马神经元的一个受限子集可能专门用于突触重塑，并且可能在人类大脑的信息存储中发挥作用。
