Kremic Tibor, Ghail Richard, Gilmore Martha, Hunter Gary, Kiefer Walter, Limaye Sanjay, Pauken Michael, Tolbert Carol, Wilson Colin
NASA, Glenn Research Center, United States.
Royal Holloway, University of London, United Kingdom.
Planet Space Sci. 2020 Oct 1;190. Epub 2020 May 10.
An exciting and novel science mission concept called Seismic and Atmospheric Exploration of Venus (SAEVe) has been developed which uses high-temperature electronics to enable a three-order magnitude increase in expected surface life (120 Earth days) over what has been achieved to date. This enables study of long-term, variable phenomena such as the seismicity of Venus and near surface weather, near surface energy balance, and atmospheric chemical composition. SAEVe also serves as a critical pathfinder for more sophisticated landers in the future. For example, first order seismic measurements by SAEVe will allow future missions to deliver better seismometers and systems to support the yet unknown frequency and magnitude of Venus events. SAEVe is focused on science that can be realized with low data volume instruments and will most benefit from temporal operations. The entire mission architecture and operations maximize science while minimizing energy usage and physical size and mass. The entire SAEVe system including its protective entry system is estimated to be around 45 kg and approximately 0.6 m diameter. These features allow SAEVe to be relatively cost effective and be easily integrated onto a Venus orbiter mission. The technologies needed to implement SAEVe are currently in development by several funded activities. Component and system level work is ongoing under NASA's Long Lived Insitu Solar System Explorer (LLISSE) project and the HOTTech program. . LLISSE, is a NASA project to develop a small Venus lander that will operate on the surface of Venus for 60 days and measure variations in meteorology, radiance, and atmospheric chemistry. LLISSE is developing a full-function engineering model of a Venus lander that contains essentially all the core capabilities of SAEVe thus greatly reducing the technology risk to SAEVe. The SAEVe long duration Venus lander promises exciting new science and is an ideal complimentary element to many future Venus orbiter missions being proposed or planned today.
一项名为“金星地震与大气探测”（SAEVe）的令人兴奋的新型科学任务概念已经形成，该任务利用高温电子设备，使预期的表面寿命（120个地球日）比目前已实现的延长三个数量级。这使得对长期的、可变的现象进行研究成为可能，比如金星的地震活动、近地表天气、近地表能量平衡以及大气化学成分。SAEVe还将成为未来更复杂着陆器的关键探路者。例如，SAEVe的一阶地震测量将使未来任务能够配备更好的地震仪和系统，以应对金星事件中未知的频率和震级。SAEVe专注于利用低数据量仪器就能实现的科学研究，并且将从长期运行中受益最多。整个任务架构和操作在最大限度提高科学研究水平的同时，将能源消耗、物理尺寸和质量降至最低。包括其保护性进入系统在内的整个SAEVe系统估计约为45千克，直径约0.6米。这些特性使SAEVe相对具有成本效益，并且易于集成到金星轨道器任务中。实施SAEVe所需的技术目前正由多项资助活动进行研发。组件和系统层面的工作正在美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的“长寿命原位太阳系探测器”（LLISSE）项目和“热技术”计划下进行。LLISSE是NASA的一个项目，旨在开发一个小型金星着陆器，该着陆器将在金星表面运行60天，并测量气象、辐射和大气化学的变化。LLISSE正在开发一个金星着陆器的全功能工程模型，该模型基本上具备SAEVe的所有核心能力，从而大大降低了SAEVe的技术风险。SAEVe长寿命金星着陆器有望带来令人兴奋的新科学成果，并且是当今许多正在提议或规划的未来金星轨道器任务的理想补充元素。
