Bertelli Caroline, Martins Bruna Rezende, Krug Suzane Beatriz Frantz, Petry Analídia Rodolpho, Fagundes Patrícia de Souza
Programa de Mestrado e Doutorado em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (Unisc), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Centro Regional de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador da Região dos Vales, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2021 Mar 3;18(4):415-424. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-534.
Work accidents involving biological material are characterized as those whose exposure involves direct or indirect contact with human or animal blood and biological fluids, with a potential degree of contamination.
To investigate the sociodemographic and occupational profile of workers, as well as data on occupational accidents with exposure to biological material in the municipalities that make up the Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador da Região dos Vales do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Cerest-Vales/RS).
Documentary, retrospective, descriptive, quantitative research, where 1,260 Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) notifications were analyzed, between 2014 and 2018. Data were collected in a unit specialized in worker health care.
The sex most affected by accidents was female, with 80.2% of cases, age group of 28 to 33 years (26.4%), and level of education represented mostly by complete high school (55.4%). Health professionals concentrated 84.1% of accidents, most of which occurred with nursing technicians, followed by nurses and doctors. Professionals from different occupations, such as veterinarians, students, janitors and garbage collectors were also exposed. Blood was the organic material that prevailed (81.1%) between accidents and exposure, percutaneous (70.3%). Clinical data revealed the prevalence of patients vaccinated for hepatitis B (90.6%), but 62.7% with (hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg) negative; 49.5% of the injured were discharged with a negative source patient and 66% the Comunicação de Acidente de Trabalho (CAT) issued.
Accidents occurred more frequently among females, individuals with low education and health professionals. The weakness in the reports of accidents with professionals with no presumed risk is reiterated, which generates underreporting rates.
涉及生物材料的工作事故被定义为那些暴露情况涉及直接或间接接触人类或动物血液及生物体液且存在潜在污染程度的事故。
调查工人的社会人口学和职业概况，以及巴西南里奥格兰德州山谷地区劳动者健康参考中心（Cerest-Vales/RS）所在各市中接触生物材料的职业事故数据。
采用文献研究、回顾性、描述性、定量研究方法，分析了2014年至2018年间1260份《法定疾病通报信息系统》（Sinan）通报。数据收集于一个专门负责工人医疗保健的单位。
受事故影响最大的性别为女性，占病例的80.2%，年龄组为28至33岁（26.4%），教育程度大多为高中（55.4%）。卫生专业人员占事故的84.1%，其中大多数事故发生在护理技术员身上，其次是护士和医生。兽医、学生、门卫和垃圾收集工等不同职业的人员也有接触。血液是事故和接触中占主导地位的有机物质（81.1%），经皮接触（70.3%）。临床数据显示，乙肝疫苗接种率较高（90.6%），但乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）阴性者占62.7%；49.5%的伤者在源患者检测为阴性后出院，66%的工伤事故报告（CAT）已发布。
事故在女性、低学历者和卫生专业人员中更为频繁发生。再次强调了无假定风险职业人员的事故报告存在薄弱环节，这导致了报告率偏低。
