Gomes Sâmea Cristina Santos, Ferreira Thais Furtado, Caldas Arlene de Jesus Mendes
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Coordenação do Curso de Medicina, Centro de Ciências Sociais, Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Departamento de Enfermagem, UFMA, Pinheiro, MA, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2021 Apr 30;19(1):43-50. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2021-565.
Accidents involving biological material are the main cause of occupational exposure among health care professionals.
To analyze trends in the number of accidents involving exposure to biological material among health care workers in Brazil, in the period of 2010 to 2016.
This was an ecological study based on secondary data on occupational accidents involving biological material reported to the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação). The data were analyzed using descriptive methods, followed by a calculation of incidence rates per 1,000 workers per year. Lastly, trend analysis was performed using Prais-Winsten regression.
A total of 243,621 accidents involving exposure to biological materials were reported among health professionals in the study period. The highest incidence rate (16.74 accidents per 1,000 workers per year) was observed in 2014. Regional analyses showed that Midwestern, South and Southeast Brazil had higher incidence rates than other regions of the country. At the state level, the highest rates were observed in Roraima, Rio Grande do Norte, Alagoas, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina. National incidence rates of occupational accidents with exposure to biological material in health care workers had a stable trend over the study period.
In Brazil, health care workers are disproportionately affected by occupational accidents with exposure to biological material. The present findings, together with other indicators, cast doubt on the stability of these figures over time.
涉及生物材料的事故是医护人员职业暴露的主要原因。
分析2010年至2016年期间巴西医护人员中涉及生物材料暴露事故的数量趋势。
这是一项基于向法定传染病信息系统（Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação）报告的涉及生物材料职业事故的二手数据的生态学研究。使用描述性方法分析数据，随后计算每年每1000名工人的发病率。最后，使用普赖斯-温斯坦回归进行趋势分析。
在研究期间，医护人员共报告了243,621起涉及生物材料暴露的事故。2014年观察到最高发病率（每年每1000名工人中有16.74起事故）。区域分析表明，巴西中西部、南部和东南部的发病率高于该国其他地区。在州一级，罗赖马州、北里奥格兰德州、阿拉戈斯州、戈亚斯州、米纳斯吉拉斯州、圣保罗州、巴拉那州和圣卡塔琳娜州的发病率最高。在研究期间，医护人员中职业性生物材料暴露事故的全国发病率呈稳定趋势。
在巴西，医护人员受职业性生物材料暴露事故的影响尤为严重。目前的研究结果与其他指标一起，对这些数据随时间的稳定性提出了质疑。
