Newman Beverley
Department of Radiology, Stanford Children's Hospital at Stanford University, 725 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA.
Pediatr Radiol. 2022 Feb;52(2):312-322. doi: 10.1007/s00247-021-05018-7. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Congenital lung malformations are most often identified on prenatal US screening. Fetal MRI is often performed to further evaluate these lesions. Although some of these lesions might cause prenatal or early postnatal symptoms that require urgent management, the majority are asymptomatic at birth and might be subtle or invisible on chest radiographs. Postnatal imaging is frequently deferred until 3-6 months of age, when surgery or long-term conservative management is contemplated. High-quality imaging and interpretation is needed to assist with appropriate decision-making. Contrast-enhanced chest CT, typically with angiographic technique, has been the usual postnatal imaging choice. In this review, the author discusses and illustrates the indications and use of postnatal MR imaging for bronchopulmonary malformations as well as some differential diagnoses and the advantages and disadvantages of MR versus CT.
先天性肺发育异常最常在产前超声筛查时被发现。通常会进行胎儿磁共振成像（MRI）以进一步评估这些病变。尽管其中一些病变可能会导致产前或出生后早期出现需要紧急处理的症状，但大多数在出生时无症状，在胸部X线片上可能表现细微或不可见。产后影像学检查通常推迟到3至6个月大时进行，此时会考虑手术或长期保守治疗。需要高质量的影像学检查和解读来辅助做出恰当的决策。通常采用血管造影技术的对比增强胸部CT一直是产后影像学检查的常用选择。在这篇综述中，作者讨论并阐述了产后磁共振成像在支气管肺发育异常中的应用指征及使用情况，以及一些鉴别诊断，还有磁共振成像与CT相比的优缺点。
