Urrego-Yepes William, Cardona-Uribe Natalia, Vargas-Isaza Carlos Andrés, Martínez Juan Daniel
Grupo de Investigación en Calidad, Metrología y Producción, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano (ITM), Campus Robledo, Calle 73 Nº 76A-354, Medellín, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigaciones Ambientales (GIA), Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Circular 1 Nº 74-50, Medellín, Colombia.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Jun 1;287:112292. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112292. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
This paper presents the experimental results obtained after incorporating the recovered Carbon Black (rCB) produced in an industrial-scale waste tire pyrolysis plant into a Natural Rubber (NR) formulation. The purpose of this study is to increase the technical knowledge on the use of rCB as a sustainable raw material in the rubber industry. The rCB and virgin Carbon Black (vCB) (ref. N550) under study were characterized using elemental and proximate analyses, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used, and different measures, including the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (S), particle size distribution (PSD), specific gravity, and pH, were estimated. The effect of rCB incorporation on the rheological, thermal, structural, and mechanical properties of the NR composites was assessed and compared to those obtained with vCB alone. The NR composites were prepared using different loads of vCB (20, 30, 40, and 50 phr), which was also replaced with rCB at different proportions (0, 50, and 100%). According to the characterization results, rCB offers lower reinforcement properties than vCB, which is attributable to its higher volatile matter and ash contents, higher apparent PSD, lower presence of acidic functional groups, and lower S. Despite this, interesting performances can be achieved when rCB is partially incorporated into the formulations or by increasing its load in the composites. For instance, when 50% of vCB was replaced with rCB, the values of the aforementioned properties were found to be between those obtained with the NR composites prepared with vCB and rCB. In addition, when increasing the rCB loading, some properties matched the behavior exhibited by vCB alone, thus compensating for the low reinforcement properties of rCB. These results are expected to provide an important impetus to move towards circular economy strategies having very positive impacts from the sustainable perspective.
本文介绍了将工业规模废旧轮胎热解厂生产的回收炭黑（rCB）加入天然橡胶（NR）配方后所获得的实验结果。本研究的目的是增加关于将rCB用作橡胶工业可持续原材料的技术知识。对所研究的rCB和原始炭黑（vCB）（参考N550）进行了元素分析和工业分析表征，使用了X射线荧光光谱法（XRF）、傅里叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）以及扫描电子显微镜（SEM），并估算了包括布鲁诺尔-埃米特-特勒（BET）表面积（S）、粒度分布（PSD）、比重和pH值等不同指标。评估了rCB加入对NR复合材料流变、热、结构和力学性能的影响，并与仅使用vCB获得的性能进行了比较。使用不同用量的vCB（20、30、40和50 phr）制备NR复合材料，并用不同比例（0、50和100%）的rCB替代vCB。根据表征结果，rCB的增强性能低于vCB，这归因于其较高的挥发物和灰分含量、较高的表观PSD、较低的酸性官能团含量以及较低的S值。尽管如此，当rCB部分加入配方或增加其在复合材料中的用量时，可以实现有趣的性能表现。例如，当50%的vCB被rCB替代时，上述性能值介于用vCB和rCB制备的NR复合材料所获得的值之间。此外，当增加rCB用量时，一些性能与仅使用vCB时表现出的性能相匹配，从而弥补了rCB较低的增强性能。这些结果有望为朝着循环经济战略发展提供重要推动力，从可持续发展角度产生非常积极的影响。
