Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 22;12:625597. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625597. eCollection 2021.
is a key pathogen of chronic infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients and in patients suffering from chronic wounds of diverse etiology. In these infections the bacteria congregate in biofilms and cannot be eradicated by standard antibiotic treatment or host immune responses. The persistent biofilms induce a hyper inflammatory state that results in collateral damage of the adjacent host tissue. The host fails to eradicate the biofilm infection, resulting in hindered remodeling and healing. In the present review we describe our current understanding of innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by biofilms in cystic fibrosis lung infections and chronic wounds. This includes the mechanisms that are involved in the activation of the immune responses, as well as the effector functions, the antimicrobial components and the associated tissue destruction. The mechanisms by which the biofilms evade immune responses, and potential treatment targets of the immune response are also discussed.
是囊性纤维化患者肺部慢性感染和多种病因慢性伤口的关键病原体。在这些感染中，细菌聚集在生物膜中，无法通过标准抗生素治疗或宿主免疫反应来消除。持续的生物膜会引发过度炎症状态，导致相邻宿主组织的附带损伤。宿主无法消除生物膜感染，导致重塑和愈合受阻。在本综述中，我们描述了我们目前对囊性纤维化肺部感染和慢性伤口中生物膜引起的先天和适应性免疫反应的理解。这包括参与免疫反应激活的机制，以及效应功能、抗菌成分和相关组织破坏。还讨论了生物膜逃避免疫反应的机制以及免疫反应的潜在治疗靶点。
