The effect of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on histamine-induced wheal response in the skin of normal subjects and atopic patients.

The role of the adrenergic mechanism in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases is controversial. Recent experimental and clinical reports have suggested that beta-2 adrenergic stimulation impairs and beta-2 adrenergic blockade enhances the histamine effect on vascular permeability. This led us to study the effect of salbutamol and of propranolol on histamine-induced cutaneous response in 13 healthy subjects and in 16 patients with allergic oculo-rhinitis. Both in normal subjects and in atopic patients salbutamol attenuated the whealing response to histamine and the protective effect of salbutamol was counteracted by propranolol. The ability, however, of salbutamol to inhibit histamine-induced response was significantly reduced in 50% of atopic patients. These findings suggest that beta-2 adrenergic hyporesponsiveness is present in some allergic patients.