Eckenfels A, Schuler S
Abteilung Experimentelle Pathologie, Dr. Karl Thomae GmbH, Biberach an der Riss.
Arzneimittelforschung. 1988 Feb;38(2):253-9.
Mean normal values for heart rate of 111 (64-190) actions/min, for duration of the PR-interval of 88 (63-120) ms, for the QRS-complex of 36 (26-46) ms and the QT-interval of 252 (183-353) ms were determined from the ECG in 204 male and female Göttinger mini-pigs (mean body weight 12.4 kg). The mean total amplitudes (voltages) of QRSI-III amount to 0.8, 0.9 and 1.1 mV. Considering leads I, II and III positive P-waves are most frequently found in II with 91% and negative ones in III with 23%. Positive T-waves appear in III with 86% and negative ones in I with 88% most frequently. The main polarity of QRS is most frequently positive in I with 56% and negative in III with 48%. The incidence of Q is highest in lead I with 71%, that one of S in II with 55%. The T-waves are mostly discordant with QRS, especially in I with 54%, more seldom concordant yet frequently in II with 30%. A significant negative correlation (r = -0.77) is evident between heart rate and QT-duration, slight negative correlations also exist between heart rate and PR- as well as QRS-duration. The mean angle a QRS from I, II, III and aVR, aVL, aVF in the frontal plane (direction of the cardiac vector; n = 35) amounts to -47 degrees (-150 degrees to +165 degrees). The position of the heart axis is more sagittal with a characteristic deviation of the electrical from the anatomical axis of the heart. Concerning the observed parameters there is also a less intraindividual variability in investigations in series besides the considerable interindividual one. Examples for physiological specialities or variations from the norm of rhythm and configuration of the ECG typical for the miniature pig are presented and discussed.
对204只雄性和雌性哥廷根小型猪（平均体重12.4千克）的心电图进行测定，得出心率的平均正常值为111（64 - 190）次/分钟，PR间期时长为88（63 - 120）毫秒，QRS波群为36（26 - 46）毫秒，QT间期为252（183 - 353）毫秒。QRSI - III的平均总振幅（电压）分别为0.8、0.9和1.1毫伏。考虑I、II、III导联，P波在II导联中最常为正向，占91%，在III导联中最常为负向，占23%。T波在III导联中最常为正向，占86%，在I导联中最常为负向，占88%。QRS波群的主要极性在I导联中最常为正向，占56%，在III导联中最常为负向，占48%。Q波在I导联中的发生率最高，为71%，S波在II导联中的发生率最高，为55%。T波大多与QRS波群方向相反，尤其是在I导联中，占54%，较少方向相同，但在II导联中较常见，占30%。心率与QT间期之间存在显著的负相关（r = -0.77），心率与PR间期以及QRS间期之间也存在轻微的负相关。额面（心脏向量方向；n = 35）上I、II、III导联和aVR、aVL、aVF导联的QRS平均角度为 -47度（-150度至 +165度）。心脏轴的位置更偏向矢状面，电轴与心脏解剖轴有特征性偏差。除了个体间差异较大外，系列研究中个体内的变异性也较小。文中展示并讨论了小型猪心电图节律和形态的生理特性或与正常情况的差异示例。
