Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2022 Apr;24(2):376-384. doi: 10.1007/s10903-021-01176-w. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Social factors (e.g. housing, food security, etc.) contribute significantly to health. The purpose of this study is to describe social risk and social exclusion factors in one of the largest Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) populations in the U.S. and their association with health outcomes. We conducted a cross-sectional study with a community convenience sample of 412 adults who self-identify as MENA. Weighted, adjusted linear regression models were used to examine relationships of interest. Prevalent social risks included transportation barriers to healthcare (33%), food insecurity (33%), and financial strain (25%). In adjusted models, perception of being treated unfairly (Estimate (SE) 0.08 (0.04), p < 0.05) and fear of deportation (0.26 (0.06), p < 0.001) were associated with more social risk factors. More social risk factors were associated with worse self-reported health (0.09 (0.03), p < 0.01), more chronic conditions (0.11 (0.03), p < 0.004), and more mental health symptoms (0.34 (0.14) p < 0.01).Social risk is high among those perceiving unfairness and fear deportation. Those with more social risk factors reported worse health. These findings have implications for social needs screening and referral models that can best serve U.S. MENA sub-populations.
社会因素（如住房、食品安全等）对健康有重大影响。本研究旨在描述美国最大的中东和北非（MENA）人群之一中的社会风险和社会排斥因素及其与健康结果的关系。我们对 412 名自我认同为 MENA 的成年人进行了一项横断面社区便利抽样研究。使用加权调整线性回归模型来检验感兴趣的关系。普遍存在的社会风险包括获得医疗保健的交通障碍（33%）、粮食不安全（33%）和财政紧张（25%）。在调整后的模型中，被不公平对待的感觉（估计值（SE）0.08（0.04），p<0.05）和对被驱逐出境的恐惧（0.26（0.06），p<0.001）与更多的社会风险因素有关。更多的社会风险因素与自我报告的健康状况较差（0.09（0.03），p<0.01）、更多的慢性疾病（0.11（0.03），p<0.004）和更多的心理健康症状（0.34（0.14），p<0.01）有关。那些感到不公平和害怕被驱逐出境的人面临更高的社会风险。那些社会风险因素更多的人报告健康状况更差。这些发现对社会需求筛查和转诊模式具有启示意义，可以更好地为美国 MENA 亚人群服务。
