School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 May;154:106060. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106060. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
To determine a reasonable speed limit and ensure traffic safety in a dynamic low-visibility environment with fog, a driving simulator study was conducted. A total of 31 young participants were recruited, and each completed 5 driving simulator trials under varying visibility conditions and speed levels during the daytime. The combined coupling effect of the visibility and driving speed on drivers' recognition times was explored, and a quantitative model of the recognition time, visibility, and driving speed was established. A determination method and suggested value of a reasonable driving speed limit in dynamic low-visibility conditions were proposed based on the stopping sight distance model. The results show that there are significant differences in the recognition times of drivers under different visibility and speed conditions. The reasonable driving speed limit values in dynamic low-visibility conditions should be based on visibility changes. When the stopping sight distance is 75 m and the visibility is less than 35 m, the speed limit should be 20 km/h. When the visibility is between 35 m and 60 m, the speed limit should be 30 km/h. When the visibility is between 60 m and 140 m, the speed limit should be 50 km/h. When the visibility is greater than 140 m, the speed limit should be 60 km/h. These research results can provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of a VSL in a dynamic low-visibility environment related to fog and reduce crash risk in conditions of inadequate visibility in fog.
为了在雾天这种动态低能见度环境中确定合理的限速以保障交通安全，进行了一项驾驶模拟器研究。共招募了 31 名年轻参与者，他们在白天的不同能见度条件和速度水平下完成了 5 次驾驶模拟器试验。研究探讨了能见度和驾驶速度对驾驶员识别时间的综合耦合效应，并建立了识别时间、能见度和驾驶速度的定量模型。基于停车视距模型，提出了在动态低能见度条件下确定合理驾驶速度限制的方法和建议值。结果表明，在不同能见度和速度条件下，驾驶员的识别时间存在显著差异。在动态低能见度条件下，合理的驾驶速度限制值应基于能见度的变化。当停车视距为 75 米且能见度小于 35 米时，限速应为 20 公里/小时。当能见度在 35 米至 60 米之间时，限速应为 30 公里/小时。当能见度在 60 米至 140 米之间时，限速应为 50 公里/小时。当能见度大于 140 米时，限速应为 60 公里/小时。这些研究结果可为制定与雾相关的动态低能见度环境中的 VSL 提供理论参考，降低雾天低能见度条件下的碰撞风险。
