Computer Engineering Department, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia.
Computer Science and Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg-El-Arab City 21934, Egypt.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Sep 17;22(18):7051. doi: 10.3390/s22187051.
Vehicle tailgating or simply tailgating is a hazardous driving habit. Tailgating occurs when a vehicle moves very close behind another one while not leaving adequate separation distance in case the vehicle in front stops unexpectedly; this separation distance is technically called "Assured Clear Distance Ahead" (ACDA) or Safe Driving Distance. Advancements in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) have made it of tremendous significance to have an intelligent approach for connected vehicles to avoid tailgating; this paper proposes a new Internet of Vehicles (IoV) based technique that enables connected vehicles to determine ACDA or Safe Driving Distance and Safe Driving Speed to avoid a forward collision. The technique assumes two cases: In the first case, the vehicle has Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system, while in the second case, the vehicle has no AEB. Safe Driving Distance and Safe Driving Speed are calculated under several variables. Experimental results show that Safe Driving Distance and Safe Driving Speed depend on several parameters such as weight of the vehicle, tires status, length of the vehicle, speed of the vehicle, type of road (snowy asphalt, wet asphalt, or dry asphalt or icy road) and the weather condition (clear or foggy). The study found that the technique is effective in calculating Safe Driving Distance, thereby resulting in forward collision avoidance by connected vehicles and maximizing road utilization by dynamically enforcing the minimum required safe separating gap as a function of the current values of the affecting parameters, including the speed of the surrounding vehicles, the road condition, and the weather condition.
车辆尾随或简称尾随是一种危险的驾驶习惯。尾随是指车辆在不保持足够安全距离的情况下紧跟在另一辆车后面行驶，以防前方车辆突然停车；这个安全距离在技术上称为“前方安全距离”（ACDA）或安全行车距离。智能交通系统（ITS）和车联网（IoV）的发展使得对联网车辆采取智能方法避免尾随具有重要意义；本文提出了一种基于车联网（IoV）的新技术，使联网车辆能够确定 ACDA 或安全行车距离和安全行车速度，以避免发生正面碰撞。该技术假设两种情况：在第一种情况下，车辆具有自动紧急制动（AEB）系统，而在第二种情况下，车辆没有 AEB。在几种变量下计算安全行车距离和安全行车速度。实验结果表明，安全行车距离和安全行车速度取决于车辆重量、轮胎状况、车辆长度、车辆速度、道路类型（积雪沥青、湿沥青或干沥青或冰面道路）和天气状况（晴天或雾天）等几个参数。研究发现，该技术在计算安全行车距离方面非常有效，从而通过动态强制施加最小必要的安全分隔间隙，根据影响参数（包括周围车辆的速度、道路状况和天气状况）的当前值，实现联网车辆的正面碰撞避免，最大限度地提高道路利用率。
