Color and Surface Coatings Group, Polymer Processing Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran.
Color and Surface Coatings Group, Polymer Processing Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2021 Apr;290:102397. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102397. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Surface wetting has a significant influence on the performance and applications of the materials. The superhydrophobic surfaces have water repellency due to low surface energy chemistry and micro/nanostructure roughness. The amazing applications of superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) lead to increase attention to superhydrophobicity in recent decades. The SHSs have been fabricated through chemical and physical methods. The further properties of SHSs as functions such as self-healing, anti-bacterial, anti-fouling, and stimuli-responsiveness are considered as the functions of the SHSs. The Multifunctional SHSs (MSHSs) that contained superhydrophobicity and at least two other properties as the next generation of the SHSs are swiftly developed in recent years. The multiple applications of the MSHSs are originated from specific morphology and functional groups of the MSHSs. The functions (properties) of the MSHSs are categorized into three groups including self-cleaning properties, restrictive properties, and smart properties. Designing and keeping surface structure plays a significant role in fabricating durable MSHSs. However, there is a big challenge to design and also scale up mechanochemical durable MSHSs. Based on state-of-the-art investigations, establishing a self-healing function can improve the durability of SHSs. The durable self-healing MSHSs can enhance the performance of the other functions and lifespan of the surface. In this review, all surface structures and superhydrophobic agents in MSHSs are investigated. The perspective of the MSHSs determined the next generation of the MSHSs have several significant parameters including durability, stability, more functions, more responsiveness, and environmentally friendly features for fabricating the large-scale MSHSs and enhancing their applications.
表面润湿性对材料的性能和应用有重大影响。超疏水表面由于低表面能化学和微/纳米结构粗糙度而具有拒水性。超疏水表面（SHSs）的惊人应用导致近年来人们对超疏水性的关注度增加。SHSs 可以通过化学和物理方法来制备。SHSs 的进一步特性，如自修复、抗菌、抗污和刺激响应性等，被认为是 SHSs 的功能。多功能超疏水表面（MSHSs）是近年来迅速发展起来的下一代 SHSs，具有超疏水性和至少两种其他特性。MSHSs 的多种应用源于 MSHSs 的特定形态和官能团。MSHSs 的功能（特性）可分为自清洁特性、限制特性和智能特性三组。设计和保持表面结构在制备耐用的 MSHSs 中起着重要作用。然而，设计和规模化机械化学耐用的 MSHSs 仍然面临巨大挑战。根据最新的研究进展，建立自修复功能可以提高 SHSs 的耐久性。耐用的自修复 MSHSs 可以提高其他功能的性能和表面的使用寿命。在这篇综述中，研究了 MSHSs 中的所有表面结构和超疏水剂。MSHSs 的观点确定了下一代 MSHSs 具有几个重要参数，包括耐用性、稳定性、更多功能、更高的响应性和环境友好性，以便大规模制备 MSHSs 并增强其应用。
