Chang Yawen, Liu Fujuan
National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jul 29;16(15):5339. doi: 10.3390/ma16155339.
Waterproof breathable membranes (WBMs) characterized by a specific internal structure, allowing air and water vapor to be transferred from one side to the other while preventing liquid water penetration, have attracted much attention from researchers. WBMs combine lamination and other technologies with textile materials to form waterproof breathable fabrics, which play a key role in outdoor sports clothing, medical clothing, military clothing, etc. Herein, a systematic overview of the recent progress of WBMs is provided, including the principles of waterproofness and breathability, common preparation methods and the applications of WBMs. Discussion starts with the waterproof and breathable mechanisms of two different membranes: hydrophilic non-porous membranes and hydrophobic microporous membranes. Then evaluation criteria and common preparation methods for WBMs are presented. In addition, treatment processes that promote water vapor transmission and prominent applications in the textile field are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of WBMs are also explored.
具有特定内部结构的防水透气膜（WBMs），能使空气和水蒸气从一侧传输到另一侧，同时防止液态水渗透，已引起研究人员的广泛关注。WBMs将层压等技术与纺织材料相结合，形成防水透气织物，在户外运动服装、医用服装、军用服装等领域发挥着关键作用。在此，对WBMs的最新进展进行了系统综述，包括防水性和透气性原理、常见制备方法以及WBMs的应用。讨论从两种不同膜的防水透气机制开始：亲水性无孔膜和疏水性微孔膜。然后介绍了WBMs的评价标准和常见制备方法。此外，还全面分析了促进水蒸气传输的处理工艺以及在纺织领域的突出应用。最后，也探讨了WBMs面临的挑战和未来前景。
