College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 2;24(11):9675. doi: 10.3390/ijms24119675.
As the focus of architecture, furniture, and other fields, wood has attracted extensive attention for its many advantages, such as environmental friendliness and excellent mechanical properties. Inspired by the wetting model of natural lotus leaves, researchers prepared superhydrophobic coatings with strong mechanical properties and good durability on the modified wood surface. The prepared superhydrophobic coating has achieved functions such as oil-water separation and self-cleaning. At present, some methods such as the sol-gel method, the etching method, graft copolymerization, and the layer-by-layer self-assembly method can be used to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces, which are widely used in biology, the textile industry, national defense, the military industry, and many other fields. However, most methods for preparing superhydrophobic coatings on wood surfaces are limited by reaction conditions and process control, with low coating preparation efficiency and insufficiently fine nanostructures. The sol-gel process is suitable for large-scale industrial production due to its simple preparation method, easy process control, and low cost. In this paper, the research progress on wood superhydrophobic coatings is summarized. Taking the sol-gel method with silicide as an example, the preparation methods of superhydrophobic coatings on wood surfaces under different acid-base catalysis processes are discussed in detail. The latest progress in the preparation of superhydrophobic coatings by the sol-gel method at home and abroad is reviewed, and the future development of superhydrophobic surfaces is prospected.
作为建筑、家具等领域的焦点，木材因其许多优点，如环保和优异的机械性能，而受到广泛关注。受天然荷叶润湿模型的启发，研究人员在改性木材表面制备了具有强机械性能和良好耐久性的超疏水涂层。所制备的超疏水涂层实现了油水分离和自清洁等功能。目前，一些方法，如溶胶-凝胶法、刻蚀法、接枝共聚和层层自组装法，可用于制备超疏水表面，广泛应用于生物学、纺织业、国防、军工等多个领域。然而，大多数在木材表面制备超疏水涂层的方法受到反应条件和工艺控制的限制，涂层制备效率低，纳米结构不够精细。溶胶-凝胶法由于其制备方法简单、工艺易于控制且成本低，适用于大规模工业生产。本文总结了木材超疏水涂层的研究进展。以硅化物溶胶-凝胶法为例，详细讨论了不同酸碱催化过程下木材表面超疏水涂层的制备方法。综述了国内外溶胶-凝胶法制备超疏水涂层的最新进展，并对超疏水表面的未来发展进行了展望。
