小儿黑色素瘤—诊断、处理和预期结果。

Pediatric Melanoma-Diagnosis, Management, and Anticipated Outcomes.

机构信息

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 700 Children's Drive, Faculty Office Building Suite 6B.1, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

出版信息

Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2021 Apr;30(2):373-388. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2020.11.005. Epub 2021 Feb 3.

DOI:10.1016/j.soc.2020.11.005

PMID:33706906

Abstract

Melanoma is the most common skin cancer in children, often presenting in an atypical fashion. The incidence of melanoma in children has been declining. The mainstay of therapy is surgical resection. Sentinel lymph node biopsy often is indicated to guide therapy and determine prognosis. Completion lymph node dissection is recommended in selective cases after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy. Those with advanced disease receive adjuvant systemic treatment. Because children are excluded from melanoma clinical trials, management is based on pediatric retrospective data and adult clinical trials. This review focuses on epidemiology, presentation, surgical management, adjuvant therapy, and outcomes of pediatric melanoma.

摘要

黑色素瘤是儿童中最常见的皮肤癌，通常表现为非典型形式。儿童黑色素瘤的发病率一直在下降。治疗的主要方法是手术切除。前哨淋巴结活检通常用于指导治疗和确定预后。在前哨淋巴结活检阳性的情况下，选择性进行淋巴结清扫术。晚期疾病患者接受辅助全身治疗。由于儿童被排除在黑色素瘤临床试验之外，因此管理基于儿科回顾性数据和成人临床试验。本文综述了儿科黑色素瘤的流行病学、表现、手术治疗、辅助治疗和结局。