Ajit A, Krishnan L K, Harikrishnan V S, Varkey P, Sabareeswaran A
Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Department of Plastic Surgery, Jubilee Mission Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2020 Dec 31;33(4):334-340.
Burn animal models provide substantial insights into burn pathophysiology. Choice of the apt model is important for determining the clinical efficacy of new medicines. Therefore, standardization of burn models is crucial for scientific research. Use of common techniques like hot water, electricity and incandescent instruments to generate animal burn models is widely reported. However, great discrepancy in employed temperature and exposure times demands user-dependent standardization of the animal model prior to research. Establishment of custom generated in vivo burn models giving consideration to reduced use, suffering and risk of the experimental animal is equally crucial. Accordingly, this pilot study demonstrates a novel approach using rabbit and porcine cadaver skin for standardization of burn parameters prior to use in live animal models. Using a custom-made soldering iron coupled to a 16cm2 surface area copper plate, burns at randomly chosen temperatures of 80˚C and 120˚C, with exposure times ranging from 60s to 180s, were produced on rabbit and porcine cadaver skins. On gross and histopathological analysis, parameters required to generate characteristic changes for deep partial and full thickness burn involvement were established. The identified temperature and exposure time parameters were further validated in live animal models. In vivo validation established the success of this approach, highlighting reduced animal use, ease, reproducibility and efficacy in burn model standardization. The findings of this study will hopefully encourage researchers to opt for cadaver skin to determine parameters required to generate a specific degree of burn prior to its use in live animals for burn research.
烧伤动物模型为深入了解烧伤病理生理学提供了重要依据。选择合适的模型对于确定新药的临床疗效至关重要。因此，烧伤模型的标准化对科学研究至关重要。广泛报道了使用热水、电和白炽仪器等常用技术来建立动物烧伤模型。然而，所采用的温度和暴露时间存在很大差异，这就要求在研究前根据使用者的情况对动物模型进行标准化。在考虑减少实验动物的使用、痛苦和风险的情况下，建立定制的体内烧伤模型同样至关重要。因此，这项初步研究展示了一种新颖的方法，即在将烧伤参数应用于活体动物模型之前，使用兔和猪的尸体皮肤来进行标准化。使用一个与16平方厘米表面积铜板相连的定制烙铁，在兔和猪的尸体皮肤上产生80˚C和120˚C随机选择温度下、暴露时间从60秒到180秒的烧伤。通过大体和组织病理学分析，确定了产生深Ⅱ度和全层烧伤特征性变化所需的参数。所确定的温度和暴露时间参数在活体动物模型中得到了进一步验证。体内验证证实了该方法的成功，突出了在烧伤模型标准化中减少动物使用、操作简便、可重复性和有效性。本研究的结果有望鼓励研究人员在将其用于活体动物烧伤研究之前，选择尸体皮肤来确定产生特定程度烧伤所需的参数。
