Shaikh Danial Haris, Jyala Abhilasha, Mehershahi Shehriyar, Sinha Chandni, Chilimuri Sridhar
Division of Gastroenterology, BronxCare Health System, Icahn School of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Department of Medicine, BronxCare Health System, Icahn School of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2021 Feb 12;15(1):171-177. doi: 10.1159/000512401. eCollection 2021 Jan-Apr.
Acute gastric dilatation is the radiological finding of a massively enlarged stomach as seen on plain film X-ray or a computerized tomography scan of the abdomen. It is a rare entity with high mortality if not treated promptly and is often not reported due to a lack of physician awareness. It can occur due to both mechanical obstruction of the gastric outflow tract, or due to nonmechanical causes, such as eating disorders and gastroparesis. Acute hyperglycemia without diagnosed gastroparesis, such as in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, may also predispose to acute gastric dilatation. Prompt placement of a nasogastric tube can help deter its serious complications of gastric emphysema, ischemia, and/or perforation. We present our experience of 2 patients who presented with severe hyperglycemia and were found to have acute gastric dilation on imaging. Only one of the patients was treated with nasogastric tube placement for decompression and eventually made a full recovery.
急性胃扩张是在腹部X线平片或计算机断层扫描中可见的胃显著扩大的影像学表现。它是一种罕见的疾病，如果不及时治疗，死亡率很高，而且由于医生缺乏认识，常常未被报告。它可由胃流出道的机械性梗阻引起，也可由非机械性原因引起，如饮食失调和胃轻瘫。未诊断出胃轻瘫的急性高血糖，如糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者，也可能易患急性胃扩张。及时放置鼻胃管有助于预防其胃气肿、缺血和/或穿孔等严重并发症。我们介绍了2例出现严重高血糖且影像学检查发现有急性胃扩张的患者的经验。只有1例患者接受了鼻胃管放置减压治疗，最终完全康复。
