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Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2021 Oct;94(7):1475-1494. doi: 10.1007/s00420-021-01668-0. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
The Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) is considered the gold standard for detecting sleep loss and circadian misalignment related changes in performance in laboratory and field settings. This short 3-, 5- or 10-min test appraises an individual's sustained vigilant attention on a visual stimulus through reaction time, false starts and performance lapses. The PVT has been widely used as a measure to assess vigilant attention among shift workers, but information evaluating the application and performance of this test in different naturalistic shift work settings is limited. The purpose of this review is to synthesise and evaluate existing literature which has used the PVT to assess and monitor psychomotor performance in response to shift work schedules and rosters performed in real-world settings.
A systematic search of studies examining PVT performance in response to 24/7 shift work schedules (e.g., day, afternoon, evening and night shifts) performed under naturalistic conditions was conducted. Articles were identified by searching Medline, Embase, CINHAL and PsycINFO databases in April 2020.
The search yielded 135 results, of which 16 publications were suitable to be included in this review. Articles were grouped according to when the PVT was applied to a research cohort, which included (a) multiple instances per shift, (b) commencement and cessation of shift and (c) other varying times.
This review suggests PVT performance is typically congruent across studies when the test is applied at generally consistent time intervals. The lack of research concerning the use of the PVT during extended duty shifts (e.g., shifts and on call work > 30 h) is an area for future research.
精神运动警觉测试（PVT）被认为是检测睡眠剥夺和与昼夜节律失调相关的表现变化的金标准，无论是在实验室还是现场环境中。该测试时长 3、5 或 10 分钟，通过反应时间、错误启动和表现失误来评估个体对视觉刺激的持续警觉注意力。PVT 已被广泛用于评估轮班工人的警觉注意力，但评估该测试在不同自然主义轮班工作环境中的应用和性能的信息有限。本综述的目的是综合和评估现有文献，这些文献使用 PVT 评估和监测对 24/7 轮班工作时间表（例如，白班、下午班、晚班和夜班）的反应以及在真实环境中执行的轮班时间表和人员安排。
系统搜索了研究 PVT 性能对 24/7 轮班工作时间表（例如，日班、下午班、晚班和夜班）的反应的文献，这些研究是在自然条件下进行的。文章通过在 2020 年 4 月搜索 Medline、Embase、CINHAL 和 PsycINFO 数据库确定。
搜索结果产生了 135 个结果，其中 16 篇出版物适合纳入本综述。文章根据 PVT 应用于研究队列的时间分组，包括（a）每次轮班多次，（b）轮班开始和结束，以及（c）其他不同的时间。
本综述表明，当测试以一般一致的时间间隔应用时，PVT 性能在研究中通常是一致的。缺乏关于在延长值班时间（例如，超过 30 小时的值班和随叫随到工作）期间使用 PVT 的研究是未来研究的一个领域。
