VA North Texas Health Care System.
VA North Texas Health Care System, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Med Care. 2021 Apr 1;59(Suppl 2):S195-S198. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001445.
Homelessness is a significant issue affecting the general US population. Two subsets of the population overrepresented in the US homeless population are justice involved individuals and Veterans. However, relatively little research has addressed alleviating homelessness in justice-involved Veterans (JIV). One direction for addressing homelessness in this population is facilitating employment.
This study examined differences in housing and employment outcomes between homeless JIV enrolled in 2 different vocational rehabilitation conditions.
This study evaluates vocational outcomes of Veterans experiencing homelessness enrolled in a larger US Department of Veterans Affairs-funded study. Participants were randomized into 2 groups: those who participated in a job search group, the About Face Vocational Program (AFVP) and those who received AFVP plus Individualized Placement and Support, Supported Employment (AFVP+IPS-SE).
Participants who received supported employment plus group were significantly more likely to secure employment compared with group alone. This significant difference was also found in individuals who identified as chronically homeless. Furthermore, participants who secured employment were significantly more likely to exit homelessness and secure housing, suggesting group membership had an indirect effect on housing status though improved employment outcomes.
Vocational rehabilitation groups combined with supported employment is appropriate and effective for homeless, JIV seeking employment and may also improve downstream housing outcomes.
无家可归是一个影响美国普通民众的重大问题。在美国无家可归者群体中，有两个代表性群体，即涉及司法的个人和退伍军人。然而，相对较少的研究涉及解决涉及司法的退伍军人（JIV）的无家可归问题。解决这部分人群无家可归问题的一个方向是促进就业。
本研究考察了参加 2 种不同职业康复条件的无家可归 JIV 人群在住房和就业结果方面的差异。
本研究评估了在美国退伍军人事务部资助的一项更大研究中经历无家可归的退伍军人的职业结果。参与者被随机分为 2 组：参加求职小组的参与者，即“正视职业计划”（AFVP）和接受 AFVP 加个体化安置和支持、支持性就业（AFVP+IPS-SE）的参与者。
与单独参加 AFVP 组相比，接受支持性就业加团体的参与者更有可能找到工作。在被认定为长期无家可归的个体中也发现了这一显著差异。此外，找到工作的参与者更有可能摆脱无家可归并获得住房，这表明团体成员通过改善就业结果对住房状况产生了间接影响。
将职业康复团体与支持性就业相结合，适合且对寻求就业的无家可归的 JIV 有效，也可能改善下游住房结果。
