Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, València, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jul;28(27):36880-36893. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13301-1. Epub 2021 Mar 12.
The pandemic caused by coronavirus COVID-19 is having a worldwide impact that affects health and the economy and indirectly affects air pollution in cities. In Spain, the effect has evolved from being anecdotal in January 2020 to become the second country in Europe with the highest number of cases (614,000 cases by 17/09/2020), which has affected the health system and caused major mobility restrictions. In contrast, COVID-19 has affected air pollution and energy consumption in the country. This article analyzes the indirect effect produced by this pandemic on air pollution, referenced to various stages that occurred in Spain: first stage, without public awareness of COVID-19 impact (mid-January 2020); second is when Spanish Government alerted (late February 2020); and third, after the decree of alarm and mobility restriction of citizens by the government (March 2020) along with the various phases of the de-escalation. The indirect effect produced by this pandemic on air pollution in Spanish cities has been resulted in a decrement of 70% to 80% of average, taking into account dates after the decree of alarm and mobility restriction by the Spanish government (14/03/2020), compared to days prior to that date. Thus, the results of this analysis indicate a significant alteration in air pollutants; these alteration patterns have followed similar paths over different countries worldwide improving the air quality as discussed by Dutheil et al. (Environ Pollut (Barking, Essex: 1987) 263:114466, 2020).
由冠状病毒 COVID-19 引起的大流行正在对全球产生影响，不仅影响健康和经济，还间接地影响城市中的空气污染。在西班牙，其影响已从 2020 年 1 月的偶发事件演变为欧洲第二个病例数最多的国家（截至 2020 年 9 月 17 日，有 614000 例病例），这影响了卫生系统，并导致了大规模的出行限制。相比之下，COVID-19 也影响了该国的空气污染和能源消耗。本文分析了这场大流行对空气污染产生的间接影响，参考了西班牙发生的不同阶段：第一阶段，公众对 COVID-19 影响没有认识（2020 年 1 月中旬）；第二阶段，西班牙政府发出警报（2020 年 2 月底）；第三阶段，政府宣布警报并限制公民出行（2020 年 3 月），以及随后的各个降级阶段。这场大流行对西班牙城市空气污染产生的间接影响导致平均减少了 70%至 80%，这是考虑到政府宣布警报和限制出行之后的日期（2020 年 3 月 14 日）与之前的日期相比。因此，本分析的结果表明，空气污染物发生了重大变化；这些变化模式在全球不同国家遵循相似的路径，正如 Dutheil 等人所讨论的那样，改善了空气质量（Environ Pollut （Barking，Essex：1987）263：114466，2020）。
