Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2021 Feb;265:129027. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129027. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
The SARS-CoV-2 health crisis has temporarily forced the lockdown of entire countries. This work reports the short-term effects on air quality of such unprecedented paralysis of industry and transport in different continental cities in Spain, one of the countries most affected by the virus and with the hardest confinement measures. The study takes into account sites with different sizes and diverse emission sources, such as traffic, residential or industrial emissions. This work reports new field measurement data for the studied pandemic period and assesses the air quality parameters within the historic trend of each pollutant and site. Thus, 2013-2020 data series from ground-air quality monitoring networks have been analysed to find out statistically significant changes in atmospheric pollutants during March-June 2020 due to this sudden paralysis of activity. The results show substantial concentration drops of primary pollutants, including NO, CO, BTX, NMHC and NH. Particulate matter changes were smaller due to the existence of other natural sources. During the lockdown the ozone patterns were different for each studied location, depending on the VOCs-NOx ratios, with concentration changes close to those expected from the historical series in each site and not statistically attributable to the health crisis effects. Finally, the gradual de-escalation and progressive increase of traffic density within cities reflects a slow recovery of primary pollutants. The results and conclusions for these cities, with different sizes and population, and specific emission sources, may serve as a behavioural model for other continental sites and help understand future crises.
SARS-CoV-2 健康危机暂时迫使整个国家封锁。这项工作报告了西班牙不同大陆城市工业和交通空前瘫痪对空气质量的短期影响，西班牙是受病毒影响最严重的国家之一，也是实施最严格隔离措施的国家之一。该研究考虑了具有不同规模和不同排放源的地点，例如交通、住宅或工业排放。这项工作报告了研究大流行期间的新现场测量数据，并根据每个污染物和地点的历史趋势评估了空气质量参数。因此，分析了来自地面-空气质量监测网络的 2013-2020 年数据系列，以找出由于这种活动突然瘫痪，2020 年 3 月至 6 月期间大气污染物的统计显著变化。结果表明，主要污染物的浓度明显下降，包括 NO、CO、BTX、NMHC 和 NH。由于存在其他自然来源，颗粒物的变化较小。在封锁期间，由于每个研究地点的 VOCs-NOx 比值不同，臭氧模式也不同，浓度变化与每个地点的历史系列接近，并且不能从统计学上归因于健康危机的影响。最后，城市内交通密度的逐步缓解和逐渐增加反映了主要污染物的缓慢恢复。这些城市的结果和结论（具有不同的规模和人口，以及特定的排放源）可以作为其他大陆地点的行为模型，并有助于理解未来的危机。
