Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jul;28(27):36861-36869. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13224-x. Epub 2021 Mar 12.
Bisphenol S (BPS), one of the most widely used bisphenol A substitutes, has recently received more attention because of its high detection in water and potential toxicity. In the present study, the toxicity and removal of BPS in typical freshwater algae Navicula sp. were investigated under laboratory conditions and the comparative study with Chlorella vulgaris was also explored. BPS was more toxic to Navicula sp. than C. vulgaris with their 120-h EC values of 3.89 and 25.19 mg/L, respectively. It may be mainly ascribed to the high tolerance of C. vulgaris to BPS. For instance, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of C. vulgaris were increased under the exposure of 20 mg BPS/L, whereas they were increased in Navicula sp. at 1 mg BPS/L. It is implied that the detoxification mechanism of C. vulgaris was activated until BPS concentration reach to 20 mg L. Moreover, the results had demonstrated that both algae had promoted the removal of BPS at 0.5 mg/L, but the removal could be inhibited as BPS concentration increased. Navicula sp. presented a better removal of BPS because of their higher accumulation, implying that they may be good materials for the removal of BPS. In addition, the sharp increase of BCF value at 72 h in Navicula sp. under the exposure of environmental-related BPS concentration (0.5 mg/L) may indicate a high risk of BPS to aquatic ecosystem. These findings will provide a reference for the risk assessment of BPS in natural waters.
双酚 S（BPS）是最广泛使用的双酚 A 替代品之一，由于其在水中的高检出率和潜在毒性而受到越来越多的关注。本研究在实验室条件下研究了 BPS 对淡水藻类舟形藻的毒性及其去除作用，并与普通小球藻进行了比较研究。BPS 对舟形藻的毒性大于普通小球藻，其 120 h 的 EC 值分别为 3.89 和 25.19 mg/L。这可能主要归因于普通小球藻对 BPS 的高耐受性。例如，在暴露于 20 mg BPS/L 的情况下，普通小球藻的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加，而在舟形藻中，在 1 mg BPS/L 时就增加了。这表明普通小球藻的解毒机制在 BPS 浓度达到 20 mg/L 时被激活。此外，研究结果表明，两种藻类在 0.5 mg/L 时都能促进 BPS 的去除，但随着 BPS 浓度的增加，去除作用会受到抑制。舟形藻对 BPS 的去除效果更好，因为其积累量更高，这意味着它们可能是去除 BPS 的良好材料。此外，在暴露于环境相关浓度（0.5 mg/L）的 BPS 下，舟形藻在 72 h 时的 BCF 值急剧增加，这可能表明 BPS 对水生生态系统有很高的风险。这些发现将为自然水中 BPS 的风险评估提供参考。
