Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Epidemiol. 2021 Aug 30;50(4):1229-1240. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab031.
Shift work is associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk. This observation may be partly explained by cardiometabolic risk factors having a role in the selection of individuals into or out of shift work. We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses in the UK Biobank (UKB) to test this hypothesis.
We used genetic risk scores (GRS) to proxy nine cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases (including educational attainment, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol consumption), and tested associations of each GRS with self-reported frequency of current shift work among employed UKB participants of European ancestry (n = 190 573). We used summary-level MR sensitivity analyses to assess robustness of the identified effects, and we tested whether effects were mediated through sleep timing preference.
Genetically instrumented liability to lower educational attainment (odds ratio (OR) per 3.6 fewer years in educational attainment = 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.22-2.59, P = 4.84 × 10-20) and higher body mass index (OR per 4.7 kg/m2 higher BMI = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.14-1.47, P = 5.85 × 10-5) increased odds of reporting participation in frequent shift work. Results were unchanged in sensitivity analyses allowing for different assumptions regarding horizontal pleiotropy. No selection effects were evident for the remaining exposures, nor for any exposures on selection out of shift work. Sleep timing preference did not mediate the effects of BMI and educational attainment on selection into shift work.
Liability to lower educational attainment and higher BMI may influence selection into shift work. This phenomenon may bias epidemiological studies of shift work that are performed in the UKB.
轮班工作与增加的心血管代谢疾病风险相关。这种观察结果可能部分归因于心血管代谢危险因素在个体选择进入或离开轮班工作中起作用。我们在英国生物库（UKB）中进行了孟德尔随机化（MR）分析，以检验这一假设。
我们使用遗传风险评分（GRS）来代理九种心血管代谢危险因素和疾病（包括教育程度、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟和饮酒），并测试了每个 GRS 与英国生物库中欧洲血统在职参与者报告的当前轮班工作频率之间的关联（n=190573）。我们使用汇总水平 MR 敏感性分析来评估已确定影响的稳健性，并且我们测试了这些影响是否通过睡眠时间偏好来介导。
遗传上易患较低教育程度（每减少 3.6 年教育程度的比值比（OR）=2.40，95%置信区间（CI）=2.22-2.59，P=4.84×10-20）和较高 BMI（每增加 4.7kg/m2 BMI 的 OR=1.30，95% CI=1.14-1.47，P=5.85×10-5）增加报告参与频繁轮班工作的几率。在允许对水平多效性有不同假设的敏感性分析中，结果保持不变。对于其余暴露，或者对于任何选择退出轮班工作的暴露，都没有发现选择效应。BMI 和教育程度对选择进入轮班工作的影响，睡眠时间偏好并没有起到中介作用。
较低教育程度和较高 BMI 的易感性可能会影响选择进入轮班工作。这种现象可能会影响在 UKB 中进行的轮班工作的流行病学研究。
