Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Addict Behav. 2021 Jul;118:106877. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106877. Epub 2021 Feb 22.
To improve cessation interventions, it is necessary to understand the factors associated with daily motivation to not smoke. One hypothesized factor is self-efficacy; however, there has been a lack of evidence investigating self-efficacy as a dynamic construct.
This study examined the influence of baseline and daily self-efficacy on setting daily abstinence plans in pre-quit smokers and successful plans. Participants (N = 76) completed measures of self-efficacy at baseline, and each evening during 28 days of ecological momentary assessment.
Baseline self-efficacy was not correlated with mean daily rating of self-efficacy or variance in ratings. GLMM found that participants who had higher baseline self-efficacy than others were more likely to set an abstinence plan while participants who had a higher rating of self-efficacy on the previous night than others were more likely to set a plan on any given morning. Participants were less likely to set an abstinence plan if they had smoked on the previous day but were more likely if they had set an abstinence plan on the previous day. Participants were less likely to have a successful plan not to smoke if they smoked on the previous day.
The current data indicates that both baseline rating and day-to-day fluctuations in SE influence daily abstinence plan in pre-quit smokers. Future intervention research could examine the use of methods designed to increase and maintain a person's daily self-efficacy and how this can be leveraged to encourage these smokers to attempt long-term cessation.
为了改善戒烟干预措施，有必要了解与日常戒烟动机相关的因素。一个假设的因素是自我效能感；然而，缺乏证据表明自我效能感是一种动态结构。
本研究调查了基线和每日自我效能感对戒烟前吸烟者设定每日戒烟计划和成功计划的影响。参与者（N=76）在基线时完成了自我效能感的测量，并且在 28 天的生态瞬时评估期间，每天晚上都要完成自我效能感的测量。
基线自我效能感与每日平均自我效能感评分或评分的变化均无相关性。GLMM 发现，与其他人相比，基线自我效能感较高的参与者更有可能设定戒烟计划，而与其他人相比，前一天晚上自我效能感评分较高的参与者更有可能在任何给定的早晨设定计划。如果参与者在前一天吸烟，他们设定戒烟计划的可能性就会降低，但如果他们在前一天设定了戒烟计划，他们设定戒烟计划的可能性就会增加。如果参与者在前一天吸烟，他们成功戒烟的可能性就会降低。
目前的数据表明，基线评分和 SE 的日常波动都会影响戒烟前吸烟者的每日戒烟计划。未来的干预研究可以检验使用旨在提高和维持一个人的日常自我效能感的方法，以及如何利用这一点来鼓励这些吸烟者尝试长期戒烟。
