Pei Di, Popova Lucy, Chowdhury Pranesh, Shi Jing, Njie Gibril
School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Jun 13;19(6):e0304028. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304028. eCollection 2024.
For decades, tobacco advertisements and promotions have been common in mass media and public places in China. In 2015, China amended the Advertising Law to prohibit the distribution of tobacco advertising, while also initiating waves of tobacco control media campaigns. This study investigates the associations between exposure to anti- and pro-smoking messages, smoking status, and people's smoking-related beliefs and willingness to support tobacco control policies.
A secondary data analysis was performed with the 2018 Global Adult Tobacco Survey of 19,376 adults aged ≥15 years in China. Anti- and pro-smoking message exposures were measured as the sum of sources (media or places) where respondents have seen the messages. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships among smoking status, message exposure, and the outcome variables (health harm beliefs, support for increasing tax on cigarettes, support for using part of the increased tax on tobacco control) controlling for smoking status and demographic differences.
Overall, 63.3% of the respondents reported being exposed to anti-smoking messages from at least 1 source, while 18.1% were exposed to pro-smoking messages from at least 1 source. Adults who currently, formerly, and never smoked differed in their beliefs about smoking and willingness to support tobacco control policies. Greater reported exposure to anti-smoking messages was positively associated with belief that smoking is harmful, support for increased cigarette tax, and support for using increased tax revenue for tobacco control measures. Meanwhile, greater reported exposure to pro-smoking messages was negatively related to willingness to support cigarette tax increases.
While national and local tobacco control campaigns in China have reached a large proportion of the adult population, there is still room for improvement. China might consider expanding anti-tobacco campaigns, as reported exposure to these messages is associated with increased public awareness of the health hazards of smoking and support for increasing cigarette taxes.
几十年来，烟草广告和促销活动在中国的大众媒体和公共场所屡见不鲜。2015年，中国修订了《广告法》，禁止发布烟草广告，同时还发起了一系列控烟媒体宣传活动。本研究调查了接触反吸烟和支持吸烟信息、吸烟状况以及人们与吸烟相关的信念和支持控烟政策意愿之间的关联。
对2018年中国19376名15岁及以上成年人的全球成人烟草调查数据进行二次分析。反吸烟和支持吸烟信息的接触程度通过受访者看到这些信息的来源（媒体或场所）总和来衡量。进行多变量逻辑回归分析，以检验吸烟状况、信息接触程度和结果变量（健康危害信念、支持提高卷烟税、支持将部分增加的烟草税用于控烟）之间的关系，并控制吸烟状况和人口统计学差异。
总体而言，63.3%的受访者报告至少从1个来源接触到反吸烟信息，而18.1%的受访者至少从1个来源接触到支持吸烟信息。目前吸烟、曾经吸烟和从不吸烟的成年人在对吸烟的信念和支持控烟政策的意愿方面存在差异。报告接触到更多反吸烟信息与认为吸烟有害、支持提高卷烟税以及支持将增加的税收用于控烟措施呈正相关。同时，报告接触到更多支持吸烟信息与支持提高卷烟税的意愿呈负相关。
虽然中国的国家和地方控烟运动已覆盖了很大比例的成年人口，但仍有改进空间。中国或许可以考虑扩大反烟草运动，因为报告显示接触这些信息与公众对吸烟健康危害的认识提高以及支持提高卷烟税有关。
