Zhang Junting, Qin Quande, Li Guangming, Tseng Chao-Heng
College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Jun 1;287:112238. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112238. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Increasing amounts of municipal solid waste (MSW) has gained widely concern on reduction, utilization and minimizing environmental impacts associated with waste management. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been used to evaluate total environmental impact of municipal waste management (MSWM) options in strategy-planning and decision-making process. The exiting LCA studies have covered a large range of detailed focus from waste treatment technology to applied modelling methods in LCA of MSWM, yet an important concern for stakeholders, the relationship between practical management strategies and their LCA results, has not been comprehensively summarized. This paper reviews recent LCA studies focusing on MSWM system in 45 cases from both developing and developed regions to promote evolution of the MSWM system through modification of waste management strategies. Selected literatures conducted LCA with system boundary covering the whole MSWM system rather than single treatment process or specific type of waste. This review has explored distribution and evolution of LCA studies in waste management field and summarized critical parameters (system boundary, functional unit, assessment approach and data uncertainty) for conducting LCA of MSWM system. Comparison results from 45 worldwide cases indicated 33%-154% environmental benefit in Global warming potential (GWP) impact with implement of integrated solid waste management system to replace single landfill, incineration, or open dumping treatment. Key issues with upgrading of MSWM system have been highlighted to raise concern, i.e., the importance of targeted management strategy on organic and recyclable waste, the growing contribution of waste collection and transportation to the total environmental impact, as well as promoting multi-impacts assessment for MSWM system to achieve environmentally effective, economically affordable, and socially acceptable. Rather than focus on technical factors, results from this study indicated the key influences from understanding local limitation, environmental concern, management chain and comprehensive impact, providing useful strategies on improving MSWM with generalization results of LCA studies.
城市固体废弃物（MSW）数量的不断增加，已使其在减量、利用以及将与废物管理相关的环境影响降至最低方面广受关注。生命周期评估（LCA）已被用于在战略规划和决策过程中评估城市废物管理（MSWM）方案的总体环境影响。现有的LCA研究涵盖了从废物处理技术到MSWM的LCA中应用的建模方法等广泛的详细关注点，但利益相关者的一个重要关切点，即实际管理策略与其LCA结果之间的关系，尚未得到全面总结。本文回顾了近期针对来自发展中地区和发达地区的45个案例的MSWM系统的LCA研究，以通过修改废物管理策略来促进MSWM系统的发展。所选文献进行的LCA的系统边界涵盖了整个MSWM系统，而非单一处理过程或特定类型的废物。本综述探究了LCA研究在废物管理领域的分布和发展，并总结了进行MSWM系统LCA的关键参数（系统边界、功能单元、评估方法和数据不确定性）。来自全球45个案例的比较结果表明，实施综合固体废物管理系统以取代单一的填埋、焚烧或露天倾倒处理，在全球变暖潜势（GWP）影响方面有33%-154%的环境效益。已强调了MSWM系统升级的关键问题以引起关注，即针对有机和可回收废物的目标管理策略的重要性、废物收集和运输对总体环境影响的日益增加的贡献，以及促进对MSWM系统的多影响评估以实现环境有效、经济可行和社会可接受。本研究结果表明，关键影响并非来自技术因素，而是来自对当地限制、环境关切、管理链条和综合影响的理解，通过LCA研究的概括性结果提供了改善MSWM的有用策略。
