Goh Pei Sean, Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan, Matsuura Takeshi
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia.
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur St., Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 Oct 12;11(10):782. doi: 10.3390/membranes11100782.
In parallel to the rapid growth in economic and social activities, there has been an undesirable increase in environmental degradation due to the massively produced and disposed waste. The need to manage waste in a more innovative manner has become an urgent matter. In response to the call for circular economy, some solid wastes can offer plenty of opportunities to be reutilized as raw materials for the fabrication of functional, high-value products. In the context of solid waste-derived polymeric membrane development, this strategy can pave a way to reduce the consumption of conventional feedstock for the production of synthetic polymers and simultaneously to dampen the negative environmental impacts resulting from the improper management of these solid wastes. The review aims to offer a platform for overviewing the potentials of reutilizing solid waste in liquid separation membrane fabrication by covering the important aspects, including waste pretreatment and raw material extraction, membrane fabrication and characterizations, as well as the separation performance evaluation of the resultant membranes. Three major types of waste-derived polymeric raw materials, namely keratin, cellulose, and plastics, are discussed based on the waste origins, limitations in the waste processing, and their conversion into polymeric membranes. With the promising material properties and viability of processing facilities, recycling and reutilization of waste resources for membrane fabrication are deemed to be a promising strategy that can bring about huge benefits in multiple ways, especially to make a step closer to sustainable and green membrane production.
在经济和社会活动迅速增长的同时，由于大量产生和处置的废物，环境退化出现了不良加剧。以更具创新性的方式管理废物的需求已成为当务之急。为响应循环经济的号召，一些固体废物可提供大量机会，作为制造功能性高价值产品的原材料加以再利用。在源自固体废物的聚合物膜开发背景下，这一策略可为减少合成聚合物生产中传统原料的消耗铺平道路，同时减轻因这些固体废物管理不当而产生的负面环境影响。本综述旨在提供一个平台，通过涵盖废物预处理和原料提取、膜制备与表征以及所得膜的分离性能评估等重要方面，概述在液体分离膜制造中再利用固体废物的潜力。基于废物来源、废物处理中的局限性以及它们转化为聚合物膜的情况，讨论了三种主要类型的源自废物的聚合物原料，即角蛋白、纤维素和塑料。鉴于有前景的材料性能和加工设施的可行性，将废物资源回收再利用用于膜制造被认为是一种有前景的策略，可在多个方面带来巨大益处，特别是朝着可持续和绿色膜生产迈进了一步。
