Ralbovsky Nicole M, Dey Paromita, Dey Bijan K, Lednev Igor K
Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA; The RNA Institute, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
The RNA Institute, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Talanta. 2021 May 15;227:122164. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122164. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
Cellular differentiation is a fundamental process in which one cell type changes into one or more specialized cell types. Cellular differentiation starts at the beginning of embryonic development when a simple zygote begins to transform into a complex multicellular organism composed of various cell and tissue types. This process continues into adulthood when adult stem cells differentiate into more specialized cells for normal growth, regeneration, repair, and cellular turnover. Any abnormalities associated with this fundamental process of cellular differentiation are linked to life-threatening conditions, including degenerative diseases and cancers. Detection of undifferentiated and different stages of differentiated cells can be used for disease diagnosis but is often challenging due to the laborious procedures, expensive tools, and specialized technical skills which are required. Here, a novel approach, called deep ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy, is used to study various stages of cellular differentiation using a well-known myoblast cell line as a model system. These cells proliferate in the growth medium and spontaneously differentiate in differentiation medium into myocytes and later into myotubes. The cellular and molecular characteristics of these cells mimic very well actual muscle tissue in vivo. We have found that undifferentiated myoblast cells and myoblast cells differentiated at three different stages are able to be easily separated using deep ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy in combination with chemometric techniques. Our study has a great potential to study cellular differentiation during normal development as well as to detect abnormal cellular differentiation in human pathological conditions in future studies.
细胞分化是一个基本过程，在此过程中一种细胞类型转变为一种或多种特化细胞类型。细胞分化始于胚胎发育初期，此时一个简单的受精卵开始转变为一个由各种细胞和组织类型组成的复杂多细胞生物体。这个过程持续到成年期，此时成体干细胞分化为更特化的细胞以实现正常生长、再生、修复和细胞更新。与细胞分化这一基本过程相关的任何异常都与危及生命的疾病相关，包括退行性疾病和癌症。检测未分化细胞和分化细胞的不同阶段可用于疾病诊断，但由于所需的繁琐程序、昂贵工具和专业技术技能，这往往具有挑战性。在此，一种称为深紫外共振拉曼光谱的新方法被用于以一种著名的成肌细胞系作为模型系统来研究细胞分化的各个阶段。这些细胞在生长培养基中增殖，并在分化培养基中自发分化为肌细胞，随后分化为肌管。这些细胞的细胞和分子特征与体内实际肌肉组织非常相似。我们发现，使用深紫外共振拉曼光谱结合化学计量技术能够轻松分离未分化的成肌细胞以及在三个不同阶段分化的成肌细胞。我们的研究在未来研究中对于研究正常发育过程中的细胞分化以及检测人类病理状况下的异常细胞分化具有巨大潜力。
