Kim Wijin, Park Eungyeong, Yoo Hyuk Sang, Park Jongmin, Jung Young Mee, Park Ju Hyun
Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea.
Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Aug 25;12(17):2934. doi: 10.3390/nano12172934.
In regenerative medicine, cell therapies using various stem cells have received attention as an alternative to overcome the limitations of existing therapeutic methods. Clinical applications of stem cells require the identification of characteristics at the single-cell level and continuous monitoring during expansion and differentiation. In this review, we recapitulate the application of various stem cells used in regenerative medicine and the latest technological advances in monitoring the differentiation process of stem cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing capable of profiling the expression of many genes at the single-cell level provides a new opportunity to analyze stem cell heterogeneity and to specify molecular markers related to the branching of differentiation lineages. However, this method is destructive and distorted. In addition, the differentiation process of a particular cell cannot be continuously tracked. Therefore, several spectroscopic methods have been developed to overcome these limitations. In particular, the application of Raman spectroscopy to measure the intrinsic vibration spectrum of molecules has been proposed as a powerful method that enables continuous monitoring of biochemical changes in the process of the differentiation of stem cells. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current analytical methods employed for stem cell engineering and future perspectives of nano-biosensing technologies as a platform for the in situ monitoring of stem cell status and differentiation.
在再生医学中，使用各种干细胞的细胞疗法作为克服现有治疗方法局限性的替代方案受到了关注。干细胞的临床应用需要在单细胞水平上鉴定其特征，并在扩增和分化过程中进行持续监测。在本综述中，我们概述了再生医学中使用的各种干细胞的应用以及监测干细胞分化过程的最新技术进展。能够在单细胞水平上分析许多基因表达的单细胞RNA测序为分析干细胞异质性和确定与分化谱系分支相关的分子标记提供了新机会。然而，这种方法具有破坏性且存在偏差。此外，特定细胞的分化过程无法被连续追踪。因此，人们开发了几种光谱方法来克服这些局限性。特别是，应用拉曼光谱来测量分子的固有振动光谱已被提议作为一种强大的方法，能够在干细胞分化过程中持续监测生化变化。本综述全面概述了目前用于干细胞工程的分析方法以及纳米生物传感技术作为原位监测干细胞状态和分化平台的未来前景。
