Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway.
Department of Occupational Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jul 15;778:146309. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146309. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
A large fraction of particulate matter (PM) especially PM, concentrations are due to non-exhaust emissions, such as road abrasion and wear on tires and brake pads. Concentrating on road abrasion, we aimed to investigate blood coagulability in healthy adults after exposure to two types of stone materials commonly used in asphalt on Norwegian roads. This study followed a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study design. Using an exposure chamber, 24 healthy young volunteers were exposed to aggregates of two different types of rocks and placebo dust: quartz diorite, rhomb porphyry, and lactose (placebo dust). Each exposure session lasted for 4 hours (h), and blood samples were collected before exposure (baseline), 4 h post-exposure, and 24 h post-exposure to analyse potential changes in the von Willebrand factor (vWF) as well as of fibrinogen, d-dimer, leukocytes, and thrombocytes. The dust concentration in the exposure chamber was measured with real-time instruments and gravimetric samples of total dust, respirable dust, PM, PM, and ultrafine particles (UFP). The results were analysed using a linear mixed-effect model. Leukocyte blood counts increased post-exposure for all exposure materials; however, none of the increases were statistically significant. The concentration of fibrinogen increased after exposure to quartz diorite, while it decreased after exposures to rhomb porphyry and lactose. Type of material was a statistically significant explanatory variable for the concentration of fibrinogen, with the most significant increase occurring 24 h post-exposure to quartz diorite. After exposure to the three materials, vWF decreased. For the thrombocytes, an increase in blood count was observed 24 h post-exposure to quartz diorite and rhomb porphyry, with a modest (p = 0.09) positive association for quartz diorite. Although the results are limited, we conclude that the different effects observed post-exposure to quartz diorite support considering potential health effects when choosing materials in the production of asphalt.
大量的颗粒物（PM），特别是 PM 浓度是由于非排放物引起的，例如道路磨损和轮胎以及刹车片的磨损。我们专注于道路磨损，旨在研究暴露于挪威道路上常用的两种沥青石料后健康成年人的血液凝固能力。这项研究采用了随机、双盲、交叉设计。使用暴露室，24 名健康的年轻志愿者暴露于两种不同类型的岩石和乳糖（安慰剂粉尘）的集料中：石英闪长岩、斜方辉石和乳糖（安慰剂粉尘）。每次暴露持续 4 小时（h），在暴露前（基线）、暴露后 4 小时和暴露后 24 小时采集血液样本，以分析血管性血友病因子（vWF）以及纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、白细胞和血小板的潜在变化。暴露室内的粉尘浓度使用实时仪器和总粉尘、可吸入粉尘、PM、PM 和超细颗粒（UFP）的重量样本进行测量。结果使用线性混合效应模型进行分析。暴露后所有暴露材料的白细胞计数均增加；然而，没有一个增加具有统计学意义。暴露于石英闪长岩后纤维蛋白原浓度增加，而暴露于斜方辉石和乳糖后纤维蛋白原浓度降低。材料类型是纤维蛋白原浓度的一个具有统计学意义的解释变量，暴露于石英闪长岩后纤维蛋白原浓度增加最显著。暴露于三种材料后，vWF 降低。对于血小板，暴露于石英闪长岩和斜方辉石后 24 小时计数增加，石英闪长岩有适度（p=0.09）的正相关关系。尽管结果有限，但我们得出结论，暴露于石英闪长岩后观察到的不同影响支持在生产沥青时选择材料时考虑潜在的健康影响。
