Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2021;31(1):1-15. doi: 10.1353/ken.2021.0002.
One consequence of the lockdowns that many countries have introduced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is that people have become more vulnerable to loneliness. In this contribution, I argue that even if this does not render lockdowns unjustified, it is morally incumbent upon states to make reasonable efforts to protect their residents from loneliness for as long as their social confinement measures remain in place. Without attempting to provide an exhaustive list of ways in which this might be done, I identify four broad measures that I believe many, if not most, states ought to take. These require states to (i) help ensure that people have affordable access to the internet, as well as opportunities for learning how to use this medium so as that they can digitally connect to others; (ii) help people to have harmonious and rewarding intimate relationships; and try to make (iii) non-human companionship as well as (iv) various non-social solutions to loneliness widely available.
许多国家为应对 COVID-19 大流行而实施的封锁措施导致人们更容易感到孤独。在本文中，我认为，即使这并没有使封锁措施失去正当性，但只要其社交限制措施仍然存在，国家就有道德义务做出合理的努力来保护其居民免受孤独。我并不试图提供详尽的方法清单，而是确定了我认为许多（如果不是大多数）国家都应该采取的四项广泛措施。这些措施需要国家（i）帮助确保人们能够负担得起上网的费用，并为他们提供学习如何使用该媒介的机会，以便他们可以通过数字方式与他人联系；（ii）帮助人们建立和谐且有益的亲密关系；并尝试（iii）使非人类陪伴以及（iv）各种非社交的孤独解决方案广泛可用。
