Post-graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 25;12:595343. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.595343. eCollection 2021.
Likely as in other viral respiratory diseases, SARS-CoV-2 elicit a local immune response, which includes production and releasing of both cytokines and secretory immunoglobulin (SIgA). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the levels of specific-SIgA for SARS-CoV-2 and cytokines in the airways mucosa 37 patients who were suspected of COVID-19. According to the RT-PCR results, the patients were separated into three groups: negative for COVID-19 and other viruses (NEGS, = 5); negative for COVID-19 but positive for the presence of other viruses (OTHERS, = 5); and the positive for COVID-19 (COVID-19, = 27). Higher specific-SIgA for SARS-CoV-2, IFN-β, and IFN-γ were found in the COVID-19 group than in the other groups. Increased IL-12p70 levels were observed in OTHERS group as compared to COVID-19 group. When the COVID-19 group was sub stratified according to the illness severity, significant differences and correlations were found for the same parameters described above comparing severe COVID-19 to the mild COVID-19 group and other non-COVID-19 groups. For the first time, significant differences are shown in the airway's mucosa immune responses in different groups of patients with or without respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection.
可能与其他病毒性呼吸道疾病一样，SARS-CoV-2 会引发局部免疫反应，包括细胞因子和分泌型免疫球蛋白（SIgA）的产生和释放。因此，在这项研究中，我们调查了 37 例疑似 COVID-19 的患者气道黏膜中针对 SARS-CoV-2 的特异性 SIgA 和细胞因子的水平。根据 RT-PCR 结果，将患者分为三组：COVID-19 和其他病毒均为阴性（NEGS，n=5）；COVID-19 为阴性但存在其他病毒（OTHERS，n=5）；COVID-19 为阳性（COVID-19，n=27）。与其他组相比，COVID-19 组的针对 SARS-CoV-2 的特异性 SIgA、IFN-β 和 IFN-γ 水平更高。与 COVID-19 组相比，OTHERS 组的 IL-12p70 水平升高。当根据疾病严重程度对 COVID-19 组进行分层时，与轻度 COVID-19 组和其他非 COVID-19 组相比，严重 COVID-19 组与上述所有参数均存在显著差异和相关性。这是首次显示出在有或没有呼吸道 SARS-CoV-2 感染的不同患者组中，气道黏膜免疫反应存在显著差异。
