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不同的免疫特征有助于维持 COVID-19 轻症患者的唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白 A 产生。

Distinct Immunological Profiles Help in the Maintenance of Salivary Secretory IgA Production in Mild Symptoms COVID-19 Patients.

机构信息

Post-Graduation Program in Science of Human and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil.

ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2022 May 24;13:890887. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.890887. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2022.890887
PMID:35686128
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9171398/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Relevant aspects regarding the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and the systemic immune response to this infection have been reported. However, the mucosal immune response of the upper airways two months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with mild/moderate symptoms is still not completely described. Therefore, we investigated the immune/inflammatory responses of the mucosa of the upper airways of mild/moderate symptom COVID-19 patients two months after the SARS-CoV-2 infection in comparison to a control group composed of non-COVID-19 healthy individuals.

METHODS

A cohort of 80 volunteers (age 37.2 ± 8.2), including non-COVID-19 healthy individuals (n=24) and COVID-19 patients (n=56) who presented mild/moderate symptoms during a COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil in November and December of 2020. Saliva samples were obtained two months after the COVID-19 diagnosis to assess the levels of SIgA by ELISA and the cytokines by multiplex analysis.

RESULTS

Salivary levels of SIgA were detected in 39 volunteers into the COVID-19 group and, unexpectedly, in 14 volunteers in the control group. Based on this observation, we distributed the volunteers of the control group into without SIgA or with SIgA sub-groups, and COVID-19 group into without SIgA or with SIgA sub-groups. Individuals with SIgA showed higher levels of IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-13, and IFN-α than those without SIgA. In intergroup analysis, the COVID-19 groups showed higher salivary levels of IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, and IFN-α than the control group. No statistical differences were verified in the salivary levels of IL-6 and IFN-β. Lower IL-12p70/IL-10 and IFN-γ/IL-10 ratios were found in the control group without SIgA than the control group with SIgA and the COVID-19 group with SIgA.

CONCLUSION

We were able to present, for the first time, that associations between distinct immunological profiles can help the mucosal immunity to maintain the salivary levels of SIgA in COVID-19 patients two months after the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

摘要

背景

已报道有关 SARS-CoV-2 发病机制和机体对该感染的全身免疫反应的相关方面。然而，对于轻症/中度症状 SARS-CoV-2 感染后两个月患者上呼吸道的粘膜免疫反应仍未完全描述。因此，我们与由非 COVID-19 健康个体组成的对照组进行比较，调查了轻症/中度症状 COVID-19 患者上呼吸道粘膜的免疫/炎症反应。

方法

一项队列研究纳入了 80 名志愿者（年龄 37.2 ± 8.2），包括非 COVID-19 健康个体（n=24）和 2020 年 11 月至 12 月巴西 COVID-19 爆发期间出现轻症/中度症状的 COVID-19 患者（n=56）。在 COVID-19 诊断后两个月采集唾液样本，通过 ELISA 检测分泌型 IgA（SIgA）的水平，通过多重分析检测细胞因子的水平。

结果

在 COVID-19 组中，39 名志愿者检测到唾液 SIgA，而在对照组中，14 名志愿者检测到唾液 SIgA。基于这一观察结果，我们将对照组志愿者分为有 SIgA 和无 SIgA 亚组，将 COVID-19 组志愿者分为有 SIgA 和无 SIgA 亚组。有 SIgA 的个体的 IL-10、IL-17A、IFN-γ、IL-12p70、IL-13 和 IFN-α 水平高于无 SIgA 的个体。在组间分析中，COVID-19 组的唾液 IL-10、IL-13、IL-17A 和 IFN-α 水平高于对照组。在唾液 IL-6 和 IFN-β 水平方面，未检测到统计学差异。与有 SIgA 的对照组和 COVID-19 组相比，无 SIgA 的对照组的 IL-12p70/IL-10 和 IFN-γ/IL-10 比值较低。

结论

我们首次提出，不同免疫谱之间的关联有助于粘膜免疫在上呼吸道保持 SARS-CoV-2 感染后两个月 COVID-19 患者的 SIgA 水平。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/b2515620e52e/fimmu-13-890887-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/69fe3e13c375/fimmu-13-890887-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/a1fb14953859/fimmu-13-890887-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/14d048ebcab1/fimmu-13-890887-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/b2515620e52e/fimmu-13-890887-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/69fe3e13c375/fimmu-13-890887-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/a1fb14953859/fimmu-13-890887-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/14d048ebcab1/fimmu-13-890887-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3aa8/9171398/b2515620e52e/fimmu-13-890887-g004.jpg

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