Bergstresser Sara M, Ghias Kulsoom, Lane Stuart, Lau Wee-Ming, Hwang Isabel S S, Ngan Olivia M Y, Klitzman Robert L, Ng Ho Keung
Office of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Columbia University, New York, NY United States of America.
Asian Bioeth Rev. 2020 May 30;12(2):173-194. doi: 10.1007/s41649-020-00120-8. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Contemporary bioethics education has been developed predominately within Euro-American contexts, and now, other global regions are increasingly joining the field, leading to a richer global understanding. Nevertheless, many standard bioethics curriculum materials retain a narrow geographic focus. The purpose of this article is to use local cases from the Asia-Pacific region as examples for exploring questions such as 'what makes a case or example truly local, and why?', 'what topics have we found to be best explained through local cases or examples?', and 'how does one identify a relevant local case?' Furthermore, we consider the global application of local cases to help extend the possible scope of the discussion, opening new avenues for the development of practical bioethics educational materials. We begin with a background description and discussion of why local cases enhance bioethics education, move to an overview of what is currently available and what is not for the region, and then outline a discussion of what it means to be local using example cases drawn from Hong Kong, Australia, Pakistan, and Malaysia. We are not creating a casebook but rather constructing by example a toolbox for designing active and dynamic learning cases using regional diversity as contextualised cases with generalised principles.
当代生物伦理学教育主要是在欧美背景下发展起来的,如今,其他全球区域也越来越多地加入到该领域,从而促成了更丰富的全球理解。然而,许多标准的生物伦理学课程材料仍局限于狭窄的地域范围。本文的目的是以亚太地区的本地案例为例,探讨诸如“什么样的案例或实例才是真正本地化的,原因何在?”、“我们发现哪些主题通过本地案例或实例能得到最佳阐释?”以及“如何确定一个相关的本地案例?”等问题。此外,我们考虑本地案例在全球范围内的应用,以拓展讨论的可能范围,为实用生物伦理学教育材料的开发开辟新途径。我们首先进行背景描述并讨论本地案例为何能加强生物伦理学教育,接着概述该地区目前已有的以及尚未有的内容,然后以香港、澳大利亚、巴基斯坦和马来西亚的实例为基础,概述对本地化含义的讨论。我们并非在编写一本案例集,而是通过示例构建一个工具箱,用于设计以区域多样性为背景案例、以通用原则为基础的生动且动态的学习案例。