Production Systems Unit, Biomass Characterization and Properties Group, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Kaironiementie 15, 39700, Parkano, Finland.
Production Systems Unit, Biorefinery and Bioproducts Group, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Tietotie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2021 Mar;20(3):379-389. doi: 10.1007/s43630-021-00026-w. Epub 2021 Feb 27.
Bryophytes, including Sphagnum, are common species in alpine and boreal regions especially on mires, where full sunlight exposes the plants to the damaging effects of UV radiation. Sphagnum species containing UV-protecting compounds might offer a biomass source for nature-based sunscreens to replace the synthetic ones. In this study, potential compounds and those linked in cell wall structures were obtained by using methanol and alkali extractions and the UV absorption of these extracts from three common Sphagnum moss species Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum fuscum and Sphagnum fallax collected in spring and autumn from western Finland are described. Absorption spectrum screening (200-900 nm) and luminescent biosensor (Escherichia coli DPD2794) methodology were used to examine and compare the protection against UV radiation. Additionally, the antioxidant potential was evaluated using hydrogen peroxide scavenging (SCAV), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferric reducing absorbance capacity (FRAP). Total phenolic content was also determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results showed that methanol extractable compounds gave higher UV absorption with the used methods. Sphagnum fallax appeared to give the highest absorption in UV-B and UV-A wavelengths. In all assays except the SCAV test, the methanol extracts of Sphagnum samples collected in autumn indicated the highest antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content. Sphagnum fuscum implied the highest antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. There was low antioxidant and UV absorption provided by the alkali extracts of these three species.
苔藓植物，包括泥炭藓，是高山和北方地区的常见物种，特别是在沼泽地，那里的全日照使植物暴露在紫外线辐射的破坏作用下。含有紫外线保护化合物的泥炭藓物种可能为基于自然的防晒霜提供生物质源，以取代合成防晒霜。在这项研究中，使用甲醇和碱提取获得了潜在的化合物和与细胞壁结构相关的化合物，并且描述了从芬兰西部春季和秋季收集的三种常见泥炭藓物种泥炭藓、黑藓和金发藓中获得的这些提取物的紫外吸收。使用吸收光谱筛选（200-900nm）和发光生物传感器（大肠杆菌 DPD2794）方法来检查和比较对紫外线辐射的保护作用。此外，还使用过氧化氢清除（SCAV）、氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）和铁还原吸收能力（FRAP）来评估抗氧化能力。还使用福林-希夫法测定总酚含量。结果表明，甲醇可提取化合物在使用的方法中具有更高的紫外吸收。在所有的测定中，除了 SCAV 试验之外，秋季采集的泥炭藓样品的甲醇提取物显示出最高的抗氧化能力和多酚含量。黑藓暗示了最高的抗氧化能力和酚类含量。这三种物种的碱提取物提供的抗氧化和紫外吸收能力较低。
